Underwriters Laboratory Standard

Underwriters Laboratories Standard UL 525 (1994) applies to both deflagration and detonation flame arresters. It has also been approved as an ANSI standard. Its development is discnssed in Section 2.3.1. 

Acrylics are combustible plastics, and the fire precautions normally used with other combustibles must be observed in handling, storing, and using them. The fire hazards of acrylic installations can be kept within acceptable levels by complying with building codes, applicable Underwriters Laboratories standards, and the established principles of Fire safety. 

Chapter 10 discussed test methods of interest in cellular plastics and related materials from a general point of view and listed industry, government, British and International (ISO) standards in a number of relevant subject areas. This chapter will list published specifications (139) and test methods (116) used in the United States, in addition to British Standards (28) and ISO International Standards (40). United States industry standards inlcude ASTM Test Methods (116), ASTM Practices, Guides, Definitions, Terminologies and Abbreviations (24), ASTM Specifications (23), SAE-AMS Specifications (25), and Underwriters Laboratories Standards (1). U.S. Government standards covered include Military Specifications (67), Military Standards (S), Federal Standards (2), Military Handbooks (6), and Federal Specifications (24). Most of these standards are undergoing frequent revision and unused standards are constantly being withdrawn. A total of 361 standards are covered. 

Underwriters Laboratories standards are available from Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, Illinois 60062. 

Underwriters Laboratory fire-resistance index A summary of classified fire-resistance products and building construction-design fire resistance ratings published for general distribution. See test, fire cone and lift. Underwriters Laboratory Standard UL-544 A general safety standard. See safety. 

Underwriters Laboratories standard 142 for steel above ground tanks for flammable and combustible liquids... 

By far the most widely accepted test for the consumer and commercial electronics industries is the Underwriters Laboratories Standard UL 94 [8]. 

Generally speaking, applications that contain power supplies or that are electrical in nature require flame retardance in compliance with Underwriters Laboratory standards and test protocols that include UL-94 HB, V2, V1, VO, 5VA, and 5VB ratings. Environmental standards require no bromine or chlorine in accordance with TCO-99 and Blue Angel. 

Shields convert the nighttime retail establishment into a veritable fortress in short order. They can stop the penetration of clubs, knives, and small-caliber firearms. Under the Florida Law, the enclosure must meet Underwriters Laboratory Standard UL 752 for Medium-Power Small Arms, Bullet-Resisting Equipment or the American Society for Testing and Materials Standard D3935 (Classification PCI 10 B 3 0800700) (Florida Department of Legal Affairs, Division of Victim Services, 1993, p. 1567). 

Underwriters Laboratories, Standard for lithium batteries, UL Standard UL 1642, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., Northbrook, Illinois,... 

Underwriters Laboratories Standards for Safety, UL 746 A-B-C-D, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., Melville, NY, 1997. 

American National Standards Institute, p. 7. ANSI standatds provide standardized ctxies of practice, resting methods, and specifications for every product one can imagine—from childproof aspirin bottles to bricks and mortar. Nationally tecc ized specifications and standards like the ANSI standards or the Underwriters Laboratory Standards allow writers and designers to specify objects and practices that meet safety criteria without having to construct a set of acceptable evaluative criteria of their own. 

Until 1990 the EPA maintained a Hst of chemicals suitable for potable water treatment ia the United States. Siace then the entire question of certification and standards has been turned over to a group of organi2ations headed by the National Sanitation Eoundation, which has issued voluntary standards. As of January 1992, standards had been issued for most of the principal inorganic products, but only for two polymers, poly(DADMAC) and Epi-DMA (epichl orohydrin dimethyl amine) polymers (78). Certifications for commercial products meeting specified standards are issued by the National Sanitation Eoundation, Underwriter Laboratories, and Risk Eocus/Versar (79). 

Health and Safety Factors. Sulfur hexafluoride is a nonflammable, relatively unreactive gas that has been described as physiologically inert (54). The current OSHA standard maximum allowable concentration for human exposure in air is 6000 mg/m (1000 ppm) TWA (55). The Underwriters Laboratories classification is Toxicity Group VI. It should be noted, however, that breakdown products of SF, produced by electrical decomposition of the gas, are toxic. If SF is exposed to electrical arcing, provision should be made to absorb the toxic components by passing the gas over activated alumina, soda-lime, or molecular sieves (qv) (56). 

Underwriters Laboratories Inc., Standards forA.cetylene Generators No. 297 Portable Medium Pressure, May 1973 No. 408 Stationay Medium Pressure, May 1973. 

Each segment of the insulated wire and cable industry has its own set of standards, and cables are built to conform to specifications provided by a large variety of technical associations such as The Institute of Electrical Electronic Engineers (IEEE), The Insulated Cable Engineers Association, (ICEA), National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Rural Electrification Administration of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (REA), Association of Edison Illumination Companies (AEIC), MiUtary Specifications of the Department of Defense (MIL), American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), National Electrical Code (NEC), etc. 

Underwriters Laboratories 333 Pfingsten Road Northbrook, Id. 60062 Standards for Safety is ahst of more than 200 standards that provide specifications and requirements for constmetion and performance under test and in actual use of a broad range of electrical apparatus and equipment, including household appHances, fire-extinguishing and fire protection devices and equipment, and many other nongenerady classifiable items, eg, ladders, sweeping compounds, waste cans, and roof jacks for trader coaches. 

Underwriters Laboratories (UL) is an independent, nonprofit organisation that develops standards for safety in electrical products. UL 746 A, B,... 

For physical, thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties, ASTM test methods are employed (28). Flammability ratings are often based on Underwriters Laboratories (UL) standards (29). UL flammabiUty ratings given ia this article are aot iateaded to reflect the hazards preseated by the resias uader use coaditioas. Typical properties are givea ia Table 3. More details and additional properties are given ia Refereaces 5 and 31—33. 

Underwriters Laboratories Inc. has published the following tank standards ... 

LfL 525. 1994. Standards for Flame Arresters. 6th edition. Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., Northbrook, IL. 

On just the subject of appliance safety the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) have published more than four hundred safety standards to assess the hazards associated with manufacturing appliances. These standards represent basic design requirements for various categories of products covered by the organization. For example, under UL s Component Plastics Program a material is tested under standardized, uniform conditions to provide preliminary information as... 

Standards provide a base for a uniform system of accepted performance such as those found in engineering practice standards, material standards, and test standards. Hydrogen standards are typically written under a consensus process by technical committees (TC) representing a cross section of interested parties and issued in the United States, for example, by organizations such as the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) for pressure vessels, pipelines, and piping the Compressed Gas Association (CGA) for pressure vessel operation and maintenance and the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) for product certification. 

Certification. It is a benefit to the employer to ensure that the intrinsically safe electrical circuit is certified. Certification can be achieved through the use of a third party, such as Underwriters Laboratories or Factory Mutual Research. Both of these organizations have their own standards for approval which are based on NFPA 493. The certification is accomplished in three steps ... 

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