Supply chain model

Enns ST, Suwanruji P (2003) A simulation test bed for production and supply chain modeling, In Sanchez S, Ferrin PJ, Morrice DJ (Ed.) Proceedings of the 2003 Winter Simulation Conference, pp 1174-1182... 

Vidal CJ, Goetschalckx M (2001) A global supply chain model with transfer pricing and transportation cost allocation. European Journal of Operational Research 129 (1) 134-158... 

A detailed supply-chain model, which showed that two days inventory was required to supply the forecast market demand, determined chlorine storage tank number and size. The minimum number of drums and cylinders of liquid chlorine required to be held on-site was also calculated from the supply-chain model. This approach was also extended to calculation of the number and size of storage tanks for products such as caustic soda, sodium hypochlorite and hydrochloric acid. 

Service level management has to ensure that customer requirements are understood and fulfilled, if necessary, through differentiated supply chain models and service level propositions (see also Chapter 21). 

Nevertheless, improving or even innovating SCM design and operations is a reliable way to boost ROIC and therefore market value, as supply chains link nearly all parts of a company s business system. When Dell developed its radically new supply chain model, it was really thinking out of the box , and probably no one would have believed it would soon become the reference in (and outside) its industry, and one of the biggest and most valuable players in its sector. Similarly, other industries have indicated ways that the chemical industry can take in the near future. 

Persson, F. (2003). Discrete event simulation of supply chains Modelling, validation, and analysis. Doctoral dissertation. Profll 20, Linkoping Institute of Technology. 

Keywords Disruption Management, Uncertainty, Refinery, Supply Chain Modeling. 

The case study of Provimi Pet Food, the pet food division of Provimi, one of the world s largest animal feed manufacturing and commercial companies, is presented here in order to show the complexity and specialities of this problem, and the way it is solved. The main motives of why developing a supply chain model was necessary is first described, then the specialities of the supply chain of Provimi Pet Food are detailed with their mathematical formulation. Finally, computation results of optimizing different sizes of the problem using model versions of different complexity levels are presented. 

The level of suppliers is omitted from the model. The level of warehouses is considered merely in the transportation costs from plants to customers. If a product has to be stored in a warehouse during the transportation from a certain plant to a certain customer then the specific transportation cost of that route is increased with the cost of storage. Therefore, three levels are considered in the supply chain model of Provimi Pet Food (1) production lines of plants, (2) packaging lines of plants, and (3) customers (see Fig. 1). 

R. C. Savaskan, S. Bhattacharya, and L. N. Van Wassenhove, Closed-Loop Supply Chain Models with Product Remanufacturing, Management Science, 50(2), 239-252 (2004). 

Busalacchi, F. A. (1999), The Collaborative, High Speed, Adaptive, Supply-Chain Model for Lightweight Procurement, in Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Production Research (Limerick, Ireland), pp. 585-588. 

Performance measures in (chemical) supply chain models... 

Vidal, C. J. and GoetschaJckx, M. Strategic production-distribution models A critical review with emphasis on global supply chain models. European Journal of Operational Research, 98(1) 1-18, 1997. 

Zara s responsive supply chain delivers 600 stores worldwide in 15 days. Zara offers new products with limited quantity. That is a supply chain model for products with short life-cycles. 

Consider for example a production unit supplied by one or more raw material [5]. An order cannot be released before aU the required has arrived. That is an order j has an earliest possible starting time (release date rj), a committed shipping date dj, and a priority factor or weight Wj. Every time a machine switches over from one type of item to another, a setup may be required and a setup cost may be incurred. The supply chain model here is composed of a model within each production unit depending on its structure, job shop, flowshop, single machine, etc., and an objective function that links the two models. The objective to be minimized may include the minimization of the total setup times and the total tardiness 7 denoted as,... 

Integrated Medium Term Supply Chain Model... 

A study done over an eighteen-month period ([1]) recommended a decrease in the number of plants worldwide from thirty-three down to twelve. The recommendation included restructuring and adjusting plant production and associated equipment. The global supply chain model included tradeoffs between product transit time, associated costs, capacity, and, in addition, costs associated with crossing country boundaries, such as duties and taxes. 

Huang C, Liang W, Lin S (2009) An agile approach for supply chain modeling. Transp Res E... 

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