Squamous carcinoma

EGFR or ERB-BI Codes for epidermal growth factor (EGFR) receptor Glioblastoma, breast cancer, squamous carcinoma... 

Ozawa, S., Ueda, M., Ando, N., Abe, O., Minoshima, S., and Shimizu, N. (1989) Selective killing of squamous carcinoma cells by an immunotoxin that recognizes the EGF receptor. Int. J. Cancer 43, 152. 

In animal studies, mirex (a nonmutagenic hepatocarcinogen) promoted mouse skin squamous carcinomas and papillomas after initiation with 7,12-dimethyl-benz[a]anthracene (DMBA) for 1 week. Mirex, also, potentiated the promotional potency of the phorbol ester tumor promoter, 12-0 -tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). There was a 90% incidence (activation) of the c-Ha-ras tumor gene in these co-promoted tumors. When both mirex and TPA gave a similar tumor yield, only the TPA response was associated with biochemical markers of enhanced cell proliferation, induction of epidermal ornithine decarboxylase activity and increased DNA synthesis, and hyperplasia. Thus, there is evidence for a dual effect of mirex during co-promotion first, as an independent tumor promoter with a mechanism different than that of phorbol esters and second, as a compound that also potentiates skin tumor promotion by TPA (Meyer et al. 1993, 1994 Moser et al. 1992, 1993). 

Esophagus (squamous carcinoma KYSE-30 cells) DOC Increase in p53 mutations 8... 

Al Moustafa, A.E., Alaoui-Jamali, M.A., Batist, G., Hernandes-Perez, M., Serruya, C., Alpert, L., Black, M.J., Sladek, R., and Foulkes, W.D., Identification of genes associated with head and neck carcinogenesis by cDNA microarray comparison between matched primary normal epithelial and squamous carcinoma cells. Oncogene 21, 2634—2640, 2002. 

JMJD2A JMJD2C is amplified in esophageal squamous carcinomas and in desmoblastic JMJD2B medulloblastomas. 

Patel V, Rosenfeldt HM, Lyons R et al (2007) Persistent activation of Rad in squamous carcinomas of the head and neck evidence for an EGFR/Vav2 signaling axis involved in cell invasion. Carcinogenesis 28 1145-1152... 

Easty DM, Easty GC, Carter RL et al (1981) Ten hiunan carcinoma cell fines derived from squamous carcinomas of the head and neck. Br J Cancer 43 772-785... 

Katabami M, Fijita H, Haneda H, et al. Reduced drug accumulation in a newly established human lung squamous-carcinoma cell line resistant to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II). Biochem Pharmacol 1992 44 394-397. 

Rosier JF, Beauduin M, Bruniaux M, et al. The effect of 2 -2 difluorodeoxycytidine (dFdC, gemcitabine) on radiation-induced cell lethality in two human head and neck squamous carcinoma cell lines differing in intrinsic radiosensitivity. Int J Radiat Biol 1999 75(2) 245-251. 

The taxanes, paclitaxel and docetaxel, act by promoting the assembly of microtubules. The taxanes induce cell cycle arrest in the most radiosensitive phase, G2/M thereby promoting radiosensitivity. In vitro studies have also demonstrated apoptosis in cell culture lines with paclitaxel (32). Paclitaxel dose-dependent synergy is also seen in squamous carcinoma cell lines (33). Much literature has been published reg arding the use of taxanes when combined with radiotherapy. 

Leonard CE, Chan DC, Chou TC, et al. Paclitaxel enhances in vitro radiosensitivity of squamous carcinoma cell lines of the head and neck. Cancer Res 1996 56 5198-5204. 

Keane TJ, Cummings B J, O Sullivan B, et al. A randomized trial of radiation therapy compared to split course radiation therapy combined with mitomycin C and 5 fluorouracil as initial treatment for advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1993 25 613-618. 

Ando N, Iizuka T, Kakegawa T, et al. A randomized trial of surgery with and without chemotherapy for localized squamous carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus the Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1997 114(2) 205-209. 

Berek JS, Heaps JM, Fu YS, et al. Concurrent cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy and radiation therapy for advanced-stage squamous carcinoma of the vulva. Gynecol Oncol 1991 42 197-201. 

Cunningham MJ, Goyer RP, Gibbons SK, et al. Primary radiation, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil for advanced squamous carcinoma of the vulva. Gynecol Oncol 1997 66 258-261. 

Schmidt-Ullrich RK, Mikkelsen RB, Dent P, et al. Radiation-induced proliferation of the human A431 squamous carcinoma cells is dependent on EGFR tyrosine phosphorylation. Oncogene 1997 15 1191-1197. 

Carter S, Auer KL, Reardon DB, et al. Inhibition of the mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade potentiates cell killing by low dose ionizing radiation in A431 human squamous carcinoma cells. Oncogene 1998 16 2787-2796. 

Grandis JR, Chakraborty A, Zeng Q, et al. Downmodulation of TGF-alpha protein expression with antisense oligonucleotides inhibits proliferation of head and neck squamous carcinoma but not normal mucosal epithelial cells. J Cell Biochem 1998 69 55-62. 

Fan Z, Lu Y, Wu X, et al. Antibody-induced epidermal growth factor receptor dimerization mediates inhibition of autocrine proliferation of A431 squamous carcinoma cells. JBiol Chem 1994 269 27,595-27,602. 

Jung M, Notario V, Dritschilo A. Mutations in the p53 gene in radiation-sensitive and -resistant human squamous carcinoma cells. Cancer Res 1992 52 6390-6393. 

Several black tea derived polyphenols, including theaflavin-3,3 -digallate, can inhibit in vitro the growth of human esophageal squamous carcinoma cells at concentrations near 20 and theaflavin monogallates have in vitro inhibited growth of human colon cancer... 

Mouse. A group of 50 female ICR/Ha Swiss mice was treated by topical application with 2 mg dimethylcarbamoyl chloride in 0.1 mL acetone three times per week for up to 615 days. Three control groups, each of 50 mice, received acetone only for 575-665 days. No skin tumours arose in the control groups, whereas 32/50 mice in the treatment group developed tumours at the site of administration. Time to first tumour was 350 days and the tumours were identified as 1 papilloma, 27 squamous carcinomas and 4 kerato-acanthomas (Van Duuren et al., 1987). 

DNA from both rat nasal squamous carcinomas (2) and mouse skin squamous carcinomas (4) and fibrosarcomas (4) arising in dimethylcarbamoyl chloride-treated animals failed to transform NIH 3T3 cells by DNA transfection (Garte et al., 1985). 

Hochwalt, A.E., Solomon, J.J. Garte, S.J. (1988) Mechanism of H-ra oncogene activation in mouse squamous carcinoma induced by an alkylating agent. Cancer Res., 48, 556-558... 

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