Nutrition definition

Definitive—This type of nutrition therapy occurs when adequate nutrition becomes the means of ionger term existence for the cancer patient. Definitive nutrition is the empioy-ment of speciai orai, tube, or intravenous programs which aiiow the survivai of the patient in good condition, intravenous hyperaiimentation has recentiy received attention as a viabie means for suppiying the much needed nutrition. Definitive nutrition is required by patients who have had a massive bowei resection and/or extensive radiation treatment of the abdomen. 

Derived plant and animal products make better use or upgrade the nutritional quaHty of already existing materials or products. Synthetic and manufactured products arose from knowledge of the functional properties of food ingredients and of human and animal nutrition that involved more precise definition of nutrient requirements for growth, reproduction, lactation, and body maintenance in both humans and domestic Hvestock. Pood products have been developed to meet human needs under abnormal environments, eg, military rations for arctic, tropical, or desert environments, and special products for astronauts ia space flights. 

Nutritional Labeling Descriptors. In order to avoid confusion, descriptive terms must be accompanied by definitions which adequately explain the terms. In the case of nutrition-related claims, analytical sampling offers a means of assuring the accuracy of the stated claims. The USDA s FSIS has proposed a Hst of descriptors relevant for meat and poultry products (Table 3). 

Agriculture. Most forages provide insufficient sodium for animal feeding and may lack adequate chloride. Thus salt supplementation is a critical part of a nutritionally balanced diet for animals. In addition, because animals have a definite appetite for salt, it can be used as a deflvery mechanism to ensure adequate intake of less palatable nutrients and as a feed limiter. Salt is an excellent carrier for trace minerals. Salt, either in loose form or as compressed blocks, can be mixed with feed or fed free-choice to improve animal health and productivity (see Feeds and feed additives). 

The reservoir representing the land (2) is defined as the amount of P contained in the upper 60 cm of the soil. This rather narrow definition of the land reservoir is made because it is through the upper portions of the soil system that the major interactions with the other P reservoirs occur. Specifically, most plants receive their nutritive P needs from the upper soil horizons and the return of P to the soil system by the decomposition of plant matter is also concentrated in this upper soil zone. Similarly, the major interactions with the atmosphere, ground waters, and rivers occur near the... 

Matrix Components The term matrix component refers to the constituents in the material aside from those being determined, which are denoted as analyte. Clearly, what is a matrix component to one analyst may be an analyte to another. Thus, in one hand for the case of analyses for elemental content, components such as dietary fibre, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrate are classified as matrix components and are used to define the nature of the material. On the other hand, reference values are required to monitor the quality of determinations of these nutritionally significant matrix components. Hence, there is a challenging immediate need for certified values for dietary fibre, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrate. Concomitantly, these values must be accompanied by scientifically sound definitions (e.g. total soluble dietary fibre, total sulpha-ted ash, total unsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, individual lipids, simple sugars, and complex carbohydrates). 

The Consumer. An important part of the public information process is the consumer. All the nutritional information in the world is no use unless the consumers can make use of it. While the consumer does not need to know the chemical definition of trans fatty acids it is to be hoped that they can understand the need to limit the consumption of such acids. 

By definition, a nutraceutical (derived from the term nutritional pharmaceutical ) is a foodstuff (fortified food or dietary supplement) that is held to provide health or medical benefits in addition to its basic nutritional value [1], Nutraceuticals derived from botanicals deliver a concentrated form of presumed bioactive agents from plants that are not generally part of the food supply. The term nutraceutical has no regulatory definition. Similarly, functional foods, as defined by the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI), are foods that by virtue of physiologically active food components, provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition [2], For the purposes of this review, these two terms will be differentiated by the form in which they are consumed. Nutraceuticals refers to dietary supplements most often found in pill or capsule form functional foods are ingested as part of a normal food pattern. Both are intended to provide beneficial effects beyond their nutritional value, and contribute to an improved state of health and/or reduction of risk of disease. 

A healthy diet with proper nutrition is essential for maintaining good overall health. Since the discovery of vitamins earlier in this century, people have routinely been taking vitamin supplements for this purpose. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is a frequently used nutritional standard for maintaining optimal health. The RDA specifies the recommended amount of a number of nutrients for people in different age and sex groups. The National Research Council s Committee on Diet and Health has proposed a definition of the RDA to be that amount of a nutrient which meets the needs of 98% of the population. 

The ability to strike this kind of balance is a wisdom of the body superior knowledge about calories or food values is not at all necessary, since this feat has doubtless been accomplished millions of times quite unconsciously by people who had no basic nutritional knowledge at all or even the ability or machinery to weigh themselves. What is it that makes it possible to perform this feat We know little about the delicate mechanisms involved we do know definitely that... 

Research is currently directed towards a better understanding of the metabolic alterations of cancer patients, the definition of nutritional regimens that can efficiently support the host without promoting tumour growth, and on the impact of nutritional pharmacology on the host-tumour relationship. Glutamine, arginine, ornithine-... 

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