Mouse lymphocytes

Thus, lipopolysaccharides are potent pyrogens in man and rabbits. Furthermore, they are mitogens for B-lymphocytes (mouse) and they induce lethal toxicity in various experimental animals (.7). The lipoprotein (IS. coli) is also a B-cell mitogen it is, however, devoid of pyrogenicity and lethal toxicity (6). K-antigens and the enterobacterial common antigen lack all of these latter activities. 

Human (occupational exposure/lymphocytes) Human (occupational exposure/lymphocytes) Human (occupational exposure/lymphocytes) Human (occupational exposure/lymphocytes) Human (occupational exposure/lymphocytes) Human (occupational exposure/lymphocytes) Human (occupational exposure/lymphocytes) Human (occupational exposure/lymphocytes) Human (occupational exposure/lymphocytes) Human (occupational exposure/lymphocytes) Human (occupational exposure/lymphocytes) Human (occupational exposure/lymphocytes) Mouse (spleen lymphocytes)... 

One of the most widespread examples of phenylethanoid glycosides is verbascoside, also called acteoside, which has been obtained form sources belonging to different plant families. This compound, isolated from Lantana camara (Verbenaceae), was characterised as an inhibitor of rat brain PKC, with an IC50 value of 25 iM. This effect was abolished by adding ATP, which indicated a competitive interaction with the nucleotide. The inhibition was non-competitive with respect to the phosphate acceptor, histones type IIIS in this case, but other kinases, such as PTK from a lymphoma cell line or PKA, were not inhibited. In order to translate the biochemical effect to a related cellular event, the ability of verbascoside to reduce the proliferation of the lymphocytic mouse leukaemia L-1210 cells was examined. This compound showed an IC50 value of 13 pM [32]. 

Fig.5). Thus far, the highly pepstatin-sensitive forms of cathepsin D have been found only in the lymphoid tissues of rodents rat spleen, thymus, lymph node cells, and lymphocytes, mouse spleen and thymus, a mouse-derived leukemia L1210 line, and hamster spleen.

Lymphocytes Mouse TA3 tumor cells Injection into mice Trophoblastic cells Tumor and normal lymphoid cells... 

Ling Zhi-8 (LZ-8) is an immunomodulatory protein (29,30) isolated from the mycelial extract of Ganoderma lucidium, that has been purified and shown to stimulate mouse spleen and human peripheral blood lymphocytes. LZ-8 is able to inhibit antibody production and prevent the development of autoimmune type I diabetes in NOD mice. 

Diethjidithiocarbamate [20624-25-3] (DDC) is both an inhibitor of SOD and a thiol, and exerts both radiosensitizing and radioprotective properties in mice, depending on factors such as the time of its adniinistration relative to irradiation. For neutrons, DDC shows only protective effects (141). DDC (1 mg/g ip) given 30 min before 15 Gy (1500 rad) also protects mouse jejunal crypt ceUs and reduces the frequency of micronuclei in splenic lymphocytes (134). 

Several of these IFNs of mouse and human lymphocytes and fibroblasts are available commercially and have been best prepared in quantity by recombinant DNA procedures because they are produced in very small amounts by the cells. The commercial materials do not generally require further purification for their intended purposes. [Pestkas, Interferons and Interferon standards and general abbreviations. Methods Enzymol, Wiley Sons, 119 1986, ISBN 012182019X Lengyel, Biochemistry of interferons and their actions, Ann Bev Biochem 51 251-282 7982 De Maeyer and De Maeyer-Guignard, Interferons in The Cytokine Handbook, 3rd Edn, Thomson et al. Eds, pp. 491-516 7998 Academic Press, San Diego, ISBN 0126896623.]... 

Monoclonal antibodies (mAh) are molecules that recognize and bind a specific foreign substance called an antigen. They are produced from a single clone of B lymphocytes. Conventionally, mouse mAh have been generated for experimental and diagnostic use. Techniques have been developed to humanize mouse mAh to facilitate their therapeutic use in humans. It is also now possible to make mAh which are fully human. 

Vitamins and lipids are often required for animal cells to grow in serum-free medium. Phosphoethanolamine and ethanolamine are key additives that facilitate the growth of the mammary tumor cell line 64024 (Kano-Sueoka and Errick, 1981). In addition, ethanolamine promotes the growth of human lymphocytes and mouse hybridoma cells. Short-term cultures of human diploid lung and foreskin fibroblasts grow in medium that includes among its supplements soybean lecithin, cholesterol, sphingomyelin, and vitamin E. 

L Vova TS. 1984. [Study of the mutagenic effect of 5 promising pesticides in mouse bone marrow cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes, and in the yeast Saccharomyces-cerevisiae.] Tsitol Genet 18 455-457. (Russian)... 

Fluid-phase uptake of macromolecules by cells in general is a slow process, and most administered macromolecules are eliminated from the host before any significant cellular uptake takes place. If, however, the macromolecule contains a moiety that is compatible with a receptor on a specific cell surface, then the macromolecule is attracted to the cell surface and the uptake is enhanced. This maximizes the opportunity for specific-cell capture. This type of cell-specific targeting has been developed to hepatocytes, with galactosamine to T lymphocytes, with anti-T cell antibodies and to mouse leukemia cells, with fucosylamine and other biomolecules. 

Vallance, B.A., Croitoru, K. and Collins, S.M. (1998) T lymphocyte dependent and independent smooth muscle dysfunction in the T. spiralis infected mouse. American Journal of Physiology 275, G1157-G1165. 

Figure 9.5 Healthy volunteer monocytes after erythrophagocytosis. Rabbit erythrocytes were incubated with heat-inactivated mouse antirabbit erythrocyte serum. Human peripheral blood monocytes (MN) were obtained after Ficoll-Paque isolation and monocyte clumping with subsequent separation from lymphocytes, yielding a 95 % pure MN population. Non-ingested erythrocytes were removed by hypotonic lysis.

The production process (Box 13.1) entails initial immunization of a mouse with the antigen of interest. The mouse is subsequently sacrificed and its spleen removed. (The spleen is an organ enriched in B-lymphocytes. Because of the immunization process, a significant proportion of these lymphocytes are likely capable of producing antibodies recognizing specific epitopes on the antigen.)... 

Initial stages in the production of murine monoclonals entail administration of the antigen of interest to a mouse. This is followed by sacrifice and recovery of activated B-lymphocytes from the spleen. A similar approach to the production of human monoclonals would be unethical. Administration of some antigens to humans could endanger their health. Although B-lymphocytes could be obtained from the peripheral circulation, the majority of these are unstimulated, and recovery of (stimulated) B-lymphocytes from the spleen is impractical. 

CpG ODNs are also effective as vaccine adjuvants to enhance adaptive TH1 cellular immune responses.104 In mice, CpG ODNs can trigger strong TH1 responses,105 enhancing the number and function of tumor-specific Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and IFN-y secreting T cells.106 This has resulted in therapeutic vaccines in mouse tumor models where no other approach has shown comparable efficacy, even with large (1 cm) established tumors.107 108 Even without a vaccine, CpG ODNs can induce CD8+ T cell-mediated regression of established tumors with durable memory responses.109... 

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