Elimination of risk

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the Western world. Basically, atherosclerosis manifests itself in three major organs and thereby leads to severe secondary diseases. Coronary disease results from atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries and culminates in myocardial infarction when vessels are occluded by a thrombus. In the brain, atherosclerosis gives rise to arterial thrombi or ruptures that result in a stroke. Atherosclerosis in the kidney leads to renal failure. Since these diseases significantly lower life expectancy, early recognition and elimination of risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and smoking) that promote atherosclerosis are essential. 

Fatty liver does not require any specific therapy. Exclusion of the cause and elimination of additional risk factors - in as far as these two basic therapeutic requirements can be accomplished - usually result in complete regression of steatosis. Should these measures fail to bring about a regression within a period of 3-6 months, it can be assumed that either exclusion of the cause and elimination of risk factors have not been successful or the real underlying cause was not identified, so that no effective treatment measures were actually applied. A lack of regression thus necessitates (i.) renewed investigation of the cause and risk factors as well as (2.) consistent implementation of the therapy that results from this ... 

However, the interviews with 1999-converters seem to suggest that the social risk of conversion has diminished or is now non-existent. Organic farming has become far more widely accepted amongst conventional fanners. This elimination of risk made it much easier for 1999-converters to commit, but equally, the lack of perception of social risk appears to have weakened the forces stimulating the development of the local organic socio-technicai network. Unlike 1995-converters, the 1999-converters did not feel it necessary to form specific socio-technicai relationships with other organic farmers in the locality, and this had an indirect influence on the network activities of early converters ... 

Clearly, the various manufacturer-installed safety switches and devices must not be tampered with. Never look into the shutter of the X-ray tube or even at the sample when the equipment is operating. Never attempt to reach inside the X-ray generator or to investigate problems with the electronic circuit panel. As pointed out by Moore Reynolds (1997) and King Alexander (1974), two of the standard procedural handbooks for XRD, many of the early workers with X-rays were severely injured or died from radiation exposure. Protective devices and failsafe equipment designs cannot insure complete elimination of risk of exposure, particularly if specified routines are not followed or if untrained personnel try to use the equipment. 

General questions to do with the elimination of risk include the following ... 

Complete elimination of risk arising from use of lead was not, due to irreplaceable properties of lead in the technology, possible. The attention was therefore focused on implementation of technical and organizational measures to reduce the risk to an acceptable level. Personal protection of workers of each profession, i.e. the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), personal hygiene compliance and increased oral care, is unavoidable as well. 

Almost every activity will include risk, and even though striving to reduce it, it will be impossible to achieve a complete elimination of risk. Hence we will always face the problem of what is acceptable risk (Fischhoff et al. 1981 Vatn 1998). 

These sorts of arguments were thus taken into accoimt in the weighting system used by the industry. The HSE s Annual Safety Report 1996197 picked up these arguments. It stated that the elimination of risk was not a possibility, especially within the limits of the law (HSE, 1997 12 ff.). But it emphasized that quantified risk assessment (QRA) and cost-benefit analyses should be seen as aids to decision-making and it criticized some employers for tending to present QRAs as a precise justification for their position either for taking no action to improve safety or, worse still, as a justification for reducing the level of safety already provided (HSE, 1997, p. ix). 

The identification and the analysis of risk, and making rational decisions based on the known risk, are the best preventive management tools a maintenance workforce can use. The risk assessment will allow a company to maximize its safety program and thus reduce accidents. The risk assessment process should be formalized in order to reduce accidents that could cause injuries, death, machine damage, and longer equipment stoppage. One must learn in maintenance that one must reduce risk at all times. In any task there are risk and thus the reduction or elimination of risk will make all tasks more successful and safe. 

The measures applied must be focused on the elimination of risks during the expected lifespan of machinery, including the time of transport, assembling, and disassembling, and the time of shutdown, disposal, or recycling. 

Elimination of risk and attention to safety detail help convince administrative powers that chemical science is a profitable and necessary component of higher education. Building renovations are easier to achieve when the department is viewed as a good steward. Chemical safety has impact campus-wide and as such may lead to helping others achieve their goals as well. 

The risk assessment is a primary component of the risk management process. The objective of a risk assessment is to identify risks to organizational assets and propose an achievable level of protection that is commensurate with the level of risk, without exceeding that level of risk so that it will be cost effective. Risk is a function of the values of threat, vulnerability, and collateral damage via loss occurrence. The objective of risk management is to create a level of protection that mitigates vulnerabilities to threats and their potential consequences, thereby reducing risk to an acceptable level. Ideally, all risk would be eliminated. However, in practicality the elimination of risk is not feasible (Department of Homeland Security, 2008). 

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