Glass fibres/wool

Glass fibres are extensively used in many applications, ranging from thermal insulation to reinforcements in polymer composites. Glass fibres, wool or textile fibres can be produced using a variety of processes [334,524]. Continuous fibres can be drawn in analogy to the Velio method directly from the melt... 

Other applications of filters include sterilization of venting or displacement air in tissue and microbiological culture (carbon filters and hydrophobic membrane filters) decontamination of air in mechanical ventilators (glass fibre filters) treatment of exhausted air ftom microbiological safety cabinets (HEPA filters) and the clarification and sterilization of medical gases (glass wool depth filters and hydrophobic membrane filters). 

Continuous filament glass fibres Respirable Inhalable Glass wool fibres Rock wool fibres Stag wool fibres Special purpose glass fibres Talc (containing no asbestos fibres)... 

Technical advantage/function Basalt rock wool is used for noise insulation in automotive exhaust units for the purposes of noise absorption. Vital technical requirements are temperature resistance, noise absorption behaviour, corrosion resistance and mechanical stability. Now textile continuous glass fibres and biosoluble mineral wools are also used for this application in exhaust units. 

Environment and health-related problems In prodnction and processing (packaging, installation of basalt rock wools) fibre dnst is released. This dnst may canse skin and respiratory diseases. Basalt rock wools are biopersistent mineral wools and, as snch, have a certain carcinogenic potential. Conversely, textile continnons glass fibres are not considered to be carcinogenic dne to their stmctnre (fibre diameter = 24 pm) and biosolnble mineral wools dne to their solnbility in the Inng. 

Glass wool is a bundle of loose glass fibres. Glass wool can trap air. Therefore, it is a good insulator. Because of this property, glass wool is used in... 

The gas flow, leaving the downdraft pyrolysis reactor, is quenched in a water scrubber. The resulting aerosol is then forced through a glass fibre filter. This gas cleaning system has later been optimised to release as little metals as possible the aerosol at the outlet of the water scrubber is forced through a plate-column, a liquid-gas separation vessel, an extra ice-water condenser and finally through a tube filled with cotton wool that acts as a filter. A metal mass balance was calculated over this system for the three metals (Cu, Cr and As). This downdraft pyrolysis system is described in more detail by Helsen et al. [ 11, 12, 14]. 

Hard surfaces Class, ceramics, metal, polymers Fibres Cotton, wool, polymers, glass fibres... 

In simple forms of distillation, not requiring an accurate control of the reflux ratio, asbestos cord is still largely employed as insulation in the laboratory. As a rule it is applied in too thin a layer the thickness should amoimt to about 50—60 mm (2 inches). More convenient in use are lengths of pipe Insulation made of glass wool, which are easily fitted to the column and can be cut to any desired length (Fig. 340). round these sheaths a layer of glass-fibre tape is wound. If a loose material such as magnesia or mineral wool is to be used, a metal jacket is required as container. The... 

Others — low density porous masses of glass fibre or mineral wool with resin,... 

Fibrous (including mineral wool and glass fibre). 

Erionite, croci-dolite, amosite, anthophyllite, chrysotile, JM code 100 glass fibres, glass wool Quartz dust, metal-containing dusts... 

Crocidolite, tremolite, 11 vitrous fibre dusts, 5 insulation wools, granular SiC Intraperitoneal injection in Wistar rats. Tumours in the abdominal cavity 2 mesotheliomas were found in a total 395 rats treated with saline or granular SiC (250 and 1000 mg). Dose-dependently, 11 fibre dusts induced mesothehomas at rates up to 97 %. UICC-like crocidolite ranked at the top, the glass fibres type B-01 with its low biopersistance and type B-09 with a low diameter at the end of the carcinogenicity scale life tremohte, rock wool MMVF-21 took a front place. Roller et al. (1996) ... 

Textiles, as a woven cloth or a nonwoven fabric, are probably the most common industrial filter medium, and are made from natural (cotton, silk, wool) and synthetic fibres. Wire cloths and meshes are also widely used in industrial filtrafions, produced by weaving monofilaments of ferrous or non-ferrous metals the simpler plain weave is used for sieving and sizing operations, and the more complex weaves such as Dutch twills are used on pressure and vacuum filters. At the small scale, particularly for laboratory use, filter papers are common, made from fibrous cellulosic materials, glass fibre or synthetic polymers these papers are made using developments from conventional paper manufacturing processes. 

Because of their high crosslink density and very brittle behaviour, phenolic moulding compounds are invariably filled with reinforcing fillers such as wood floui wollastonite, mica, mineral wool flour and glass fibres. Solid moulding compounds are normally novolac based resins for transfer moulding (RTM) and other liquid laminating processes are resols. 

Various types of fibres could be used in making filter fabrics they include glass fibres, synthehc fibres, ceUulosic fibres (eg, natural wood pulp fibres, viscose fibres, and Lyo-ceU fibres), wool fibres, metal fibres, ceramic fibres, high-performance polymer fibres (eg, inherenfly fire-resistant fibres, chemical resistance fibres, high-strength, and high-modulus fibres), microfibers, and nanofibers. 

---