Cellulose fibrous

Figure 13. Nodules on cellulosic fibrous material—by small area IR. (Reproduced with permission from Ref. Copyright 1983 International...

In fiber—cement construction materials, several alternatives are being practiced, either using cellulosic fibrous products or synthetic organic fibers such as polypropylene or polyacrylonitrile. 

U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,586,503 [105] and 6,737,006 [106] (both by Correct Building Products) disclose a polypropylene-based composite, comprising polypropylene, preferably reactor flake polypropylene, in amounts of 20-80% by weight, and cellulose fibrous material, such as sawdust, newspaper, alfalfa, straw, cotton, rice hulls, kenaf, and other cellulosics, in amounts of 20-80% by weight. 

U.S. Pat. No. 4,343,727 (August 10, 1982). A. Cohen. Polyvinyl chloride shoe sole molding composition containing cellulosic fibrous flock. 

For evaluation of a resin as a creping adhesive, a 1% solids aqueous solution of the formulated resin is sprayed onto the siuface of a Yankee Dryer along with the appropriate amount of release agent to provide a good balance of adhesion and release. This application optimizes both the productivity of the paper machine and the quality of the product produced on the machine. The solid consists of about 50% polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) and 10-50% (polyamide-epihalohydrin resin). A cellulosic fibrous web is pressed against the drying surface to adhere the web to the surface. The dry web is then dislodged from the... 

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is a synthetic modification of the natural polymer, cellulose, fibrous or granular, free-flowing powder, odorless, and tasteless. The representation of the molecular structure of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose can be seen in Figure 31.3. 

Biobased Cellulosic fibrous materials or fibre Levit et al. [383],... 

Since the early 2000s, plant-derived biobased fibrous fillers have been frequently used for the reinforcement of PLA-based materials. A well known and frequently used plant-derived fibrous filler is kenaf. Like the case of pollen as an additive, the wettability between PLLA and kenaf should be improved by the addition of a compatibilizer. Other fibrous materials are cellulose fibrous materials or fibres [383,384], cellulose whiskers [385], recycled cellulose fibre [386], cotton fibre [387], sugar beet pulp [388], flax [389], bamboo fibre [390], kenaf [391-393], papyrus [394], hemp fibre [395], cuphea and lesquerella [396], ramie [397], rice straw fibre [398], red algae fibre [399], miscanthus fibre [400], abaca fibre [401], milkweed [402], wood fibre [403] and recycled newspaper fibre [404], Poly(L-lactic acid) fibre can also be used to reinforce soft plastics such as PCL [405],... 

Levit, M.R., Farrel, R.E., Gross, R.A. and McCarthy, S.P. (1996) Composites based on poly(lactic acid) and cellulosic fibrous materials Mechanical properties and biodegradabiUty. Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, , 1387-1391. 

This and the following subsection will compare heterogeneous and homogeneous synthetic methods, with emphasis on cellulosics. Fibrous cellulosic graft copolymers, prepared by radiation-induced free-radical copolymerization reactions of vinyl monomers with cellulose, retain some... 

Another CTA preparation is the fibrous acetylation method. In this process part or all of the acetic acid is replaced with an inert diluent, e.g., toluene, benzene or hexane to maintain the cellulose fibrous structure during the reaction. Perchloric acid is usually employed as the catalyst in this process. This process is used exclusively for the preparation of cellulose triacetate. 

Chen PH, Liao HC, Hsu SH, Chen RS, Wu MC, Yang YF, et al. A novel polyurethane/ cellulose fibrous scaffold for cardiac tissue engineering. RSCAdv 2015 5 6932-9. 

Application of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) allows the observation of appearance of fibres and their changes during the enzymatic degradation (see Fig. 4.20). As a result of the enzymatic degradation process for the polyester-cellulose fibrous blends, the degree of saccharification of cellulose fraction was achieved at a level up to 99 wt.%. 

Figure 12.5 SEM images at different magnification (lOOx and 500x) of cellulose fibrous mats obtained by electrospinning from molten cellulose/NMMO solutions electrospun with different spinning parameters (cellulose content in the spinning solution 6 wt%, working distance 5 cm, applied voltage 11 kV, temperature of spinning head 100°C). Temperature of the needle (a) and (b) 96 C, (c) and (d) 130 C. (Adapted from Reference [81]).

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