Fires control

There are different types of fire and many different firefighting agents for combating them. An understanding of how these different types of firefighting agents are used in fire protection is important because their effectiveness can vary widely when applied to different types of fires. 

There are innumerable situations where gases, liquids, and hazardous chemicals are produced, stored, or used in a process that, if released, could potentially result in a fire. It is important to analyze all materials and processes associated with a particular process including production, manufacturing, storage, or treatment facilities. Each process requires analysis of the potential for fire. 

Hydrocarbon fires are a principal concern in many processing facilities. There are many different types of hydrocarbon fires. The mode of burning depends on characteristics of the material released, temperature and pressure of the released material, ambient conditions, and time to ignition. Types of hydrocarbon fires include  

Fires involving oxygen, e.g., systems for oxygen addition to a Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) unit 

Fires involving pyrophoric materials, e.g., aluminum alkyls 

---

Fire control Fire damp Fired heaters Fire extinguishants Fire extinguisher Fire extinguishers... 

Formulations of ammonium phosphates and ammonium bromide are sold for use on ceUulosic—synthetic fiber blends. Other ammonium phosphate formulations contain wetting and softening agents. A large-volume, ca 9000 t/yr ia 1991, use ia the United States (48) for ammonium phosphate is ia forest fire control, usuaUy by aerial appUcation (see also Ammonium compounds). 

Ammonium sulfate is a good fertilizer for rice, citms, and vines, and can be especially useful for some sulfur-deficient or high pH soils. Nonfertilizer uses include food processing, fire control, tanning, and catde feed. 

BeryUium is important as a sensor support material in advanced fire-control and navigation systems for military heflcopters and fighter aircraft utilizing the low weight and high stiffness of the material to isolate instmmentation from vibration. It is also used for scanning mirrors in tank fire-control systems. 

Explosibility and Fire Control. As in the case of many other reactive chemicals, the fire and explosion hazards of ethylene oxide are system-dependent. Each system should be evaluated for its particular hazards including start-up, shut-down, and failure modes. Storage of more than a threshold quantity of 5000 lb (- 2300 kg) of the material makes ethylene oxide subject to the provisions of OSHA 29 CER 1910 for "Highly Hazardous Chemicals." Table 15 summarizes relevant fire and explosion data for ethylene oxide, which are at standard temperature and pressure (STP) conditions except where otherwise noted. 

The firing controls that best ensure an air-rich mixture are often referred to as metering type controls, because gas flow and air flow are metered, thus the fuel-air ratio is controlled. The fuel-air ratio is the most important factor for safe, economical firing, so it is better to control it directly. Do not settle for low budget controllers that... 

Representational layout of control panels. Where the physical location of items is important, for example, area displays in fire control systems, the layout of the displays on a control panel should reflect the geographical layout of the plant. In other cases a functional arrangement of the elements of the process plant will be appropriate, for example, when monitoring the status of the system via an alarm panel. 

Feuer-kammer, /. fire chamber, fire box. -kitt, m. fireproof cement, -kriicke,/. furnswe rake, rabble, -kunst,/. pyrotechnics, -leihing,/. priming, train (MU.) fire control, feuerlos, a. fireless, lusterless. 

Internal combustion and electricity wrought a number of changes in naval architecture. Electric power was introduced on warships in the 1880s, allowing for the construction of larger ships, with better light and ventilation, deeper decks, improved artillery fire control, and improved efficiency in han-... 

Automatic firing controls arranged to control the supply of fuel and air to the combustion appliance. A shutdown will occur in the event of one or more of the following occurring ... 

All electrical equipment for the water-level and firing controls should be designed so that any fault will cause the boiler to shutdown and require manual resetting before the boiler may be restarted. 

Off-Carriage Fire Control. A process of controlling fire on a target with the aid of a sighting device which is not mounted directly on the weapon Ref J. Quick, Dictionary of Weapons and Military Terms , McGraw-Hill, NY (1973), 333... 

Communications and Electronics Command the Signal Corps plus Ordnance fire-control radar... 

The principle small arms application of military pyrotechnics is in tracer munitions, where they serve as incendiaries, spotters and as fire control. A thorough review of tracer munition design was prepared by Frankford Arsenal (Ref 33) ... 

Fire detection and suppression form the basis of fire control, with emergency back-up procedures to mitigate the consequences. Selected key tactics for working with flammable chemicals are summarized in Table 5.11. 

The Department of Homeland Security has funded preliminary studies to elaborate specific chemical/biological threat vectors and to increase understanding of airflows in several terminals and boarding areas of San Francisco International Airport and Albuquerque Airport. It has also conducted an exercise in which the many airport decision makers (e.g., in areas of operations, security, fire control and prevention, public health and safety, and environmental is-... 

Babrauskas, V., Toxic Hazard from Fires a Simple Assessment Method, Proceedings of conference on "Fire Control the Heat. Reduce the Hazard. Queen Mary College Fire and Materials Centre and Fire Research Station, London, England, 1988, p 1-10. 

Thomas P. H., Int. Conf. FIRE control the Head -Reduce the Hazard Fire Research Station, October 24-25, 1988, London, UK, paper 1. 

Alpert, R. L., Pressure modeling of fires controlled by radiation, Proc. Comb. Inst., 1977, 16, pp. 1489-500. 

---