Extinguishment, fire control

Fire control Fire damp Fired heaters Fire extinguishants Fire extinguisher Fire extinguishers... 

Class IB and IC materials, easily ignited, water may be ineffective in controlling or extinguishing fires. 

When water is combined with other additives, it can control and extinguish most petroleum fires. A water suppression system consists of a supply source, distribution system, and the end using equipment such as fixed spray systems, monitors, hose reels and hydrants. The objective of water suppression systems is to provide exposure cooling, fire control, suppression of fire incidents and may assist in the dispersion of flammable or toxic vapors. 

Fire Protection—The science of reducing loss of life and property from fire by control and extinguishment. Fire protection includes fire prevention, detection of a fire, providing systems to control or mitigate the fire, and providing manual firefighting capabilities. 

A water mist system is a proprietary fire protection system using very fine water sprays. The very small water droplets allow the water mist to control or extinguish fires by cooling of the flame and fire plume, oxygen displacement by water vapor, and radiant heat attenuation. These systems are single shot systems. A water mist system and nozzles are shown in Figure 7-28. 

In-rack sprinklers can result in smaller more easily controlled, suppressed, or extinguished fires, with fewer operation sprinklers. This can have the added benefits of reduced quantity of contaminated water runoff and reduced product damage. 

Controlling the incident is first priority. Until Incident Command has extinguished fires, evacuated injured personnel, completed a headcount, and contained spills/stopped releases, the control of the incident is first priority. 

It is important to note that the extinguishing techniques, controlling actions, or fire-prevention activities implemented can differ greatly depending upon which of the two categories the liquid falls in. To have the ability to categorize a liquid correctly when it is not so identified, it is only necessary to know its flash point. By definition, the flash point of a liquid determines whether a liquid is flammable or combustible. 

Burning may be considered another means of oxidation. Non-burning plastics are a must in commercial constructions according to building codes and are often required for automotive, electronic, and electrical applications. From the numerous thermoplastics, only the halogen-containing polymers, polyamides, polycarbonate, poly(phenylene oxide), polysulfone, and polyimides are self-extinguishing. Even these, such as poly (vinyl chloride), may become flammable when plasticized with a flammable plasticizer. Fire control can be the key to volume use of plastics. Polyester panels, urethane foam, and PVC tarpaulins account for nearly 90% of all fire retardants consumed. Consumption in 1967... 

Fire control. Lithium fires can be controlled by smothering with anhydrous lithium chloride or with Ansul Plus 50 fire-extinguishing compound. 

Use Refrigerant, fire-extinguishing agent, control fluid. 

Do not use dry chemical extinguishers to control fires involving nitromethane or nitroethane. 

Compartmentation within a rack array, consisting of horizontal and vertical barriers, can be used in conjunction with in-rack sprinklers in each rack bay. This combination can result in smaller and more easily controlled, suppressed, or extinguished fires with fewer operating sprinklers. These barriers will limit fire travel down the length of a rack as well as upward fire growth allowing for faster operation of in-rack sprinklers. This can have the added benefits of reduced quantity of contaminated sprinkler water runoff and reduced product damage. 

A fire control, suppression, or extinguishing system can enhance life safety, minimize fire damage to a warehouse and its contents and prevent chemical releases that could potentially expose people and the environment. Chemical releases include the actual material stored, contaminated fire water run-off, and the products of combustion, decomposition or adverse reactions. 

Several parameters must be considered when selecting a fire protection agent and system. These include their effectiveness, limitations, advantages, reliability, costs and whether the goal is fire control, suppression, or extinguishment. 

The objectives of fire prevention or protection engineering are to minimize opportunities for personal injury, loss of life, property damage, and production interruptions. These objectives are achieved by (1) prevention, (2) control, and (3) extinguishment of fire. The term fire prevention applies to that phase of process design which minimizes fire hazards inherent in the process. Fire control refers to that phase of process design which seeks to control and protect against fires which have already been started, until available extinguishing forces can become effective. 

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