Develop and Implement Hazard Controls

This Handbook is comprised of two Volumes. Volume 1 contains the core material. Chapter 1 presents a discussion of how chemical management fits into ISM. The ISM Core Functions (Define the Scope of Work, Analyze the Hazards, Develop and Implement Hazard Controls, Perform Work within Controls, and Provide Feedback and Continuous Improvement) provide the structure needed to ensure all work activity is undertaken safely. 

Integrated Safety Management Core Functions—The core safety management functions for DOE P 450.4, Safety Management System Policy, which are to (1) define the scope of work (2) analyze the hazards (3) develop and implement hazard controls (4) perform work within controls and (5) provide feedback and continuous improvement. These functions are also identified in DEAR 48 CFR 970.5204-2(c). 

Organizations can use a variety of processes to analyze workplace hazards and accident causal factors. Hazard evaluations and accident trend analysis can help improve the effectiveness of established hazard controls. Routine analysis enables an organization to develop and implement appropriate controls for hazardous processes or unsafe operations. Analysis processes rely on information collected from hazard surveys, inspections, hazard reports, and accident investigations. This analysis process can provide a snapshot of hazard information. Effective analysis can then take the snapshots and create viable pictures of hazards and accident causal factors. 

Step D Develop and design hazard controls—Develop or design the best hazard control based on evaluating each hazard. Coordinate implementation of all feasible controls Step E Implement required controls—Coordinate and obtain management approval for implementation Step F Revise and pubhsh the JHA information—Update the JHA and then communicate implementation actions with tile organizational members... 

Step D Develop and Design Hazard Controls Develop or design the best hazard controls based on evaluating each hazard. Coordinate implementation of all feasible controls. 

The US Environmental Protection Agency recently announced its intention to develop and implement new Clean Air Act Standards for industrial coatings operations within the next year. These emission standards will eventually require companies involved in fabric printing, coating and dyeing operations to comply with Maximum Achievable Control standards. The Hazardous Air Pollutants emission limits that will apply to facilities and the impact on fabric coating operations are discussed. USA... 

Initiate short courses and other means of disseminating expertise in reactivity hazard identification, reduction and control Develop and implement examples, self-assessment checklists and simplified tools Develop and implement effective means of communicating this information for use by small and medium enterprises... 

Recommendation 4b. To promote the development and implementation of contingency responses during both closure and postclosure operations, control strategies for unexpected liquid runoff or particle dispersion, as well as for special hazardous substances—such as asbestos—should be integrated in the closure plan. 

Whereas no quantitative consequence analysis is required by this legislation, the process hazards analysis must include a qualitative evaluation of the possible effects of failure of controls on employees. Details concerning development and implementation of programs for these subjects are available... 

Entry into Confined Spaces. In 1993 OSHA adopted a confined space entry rule (93) requiring employers to evaluate the workplace to (/) determine if it contains any confined spaces, (2) mark or identify such confined spaces, and (3) develop and implement a permit program for entry into such spaces. The program must include a permit system which specifies the steps to be taken to identify, evaluate, control, and monitor possible electrical, mechanical, and chemical hazards select and use equipment institute stand-by attendance and establish communications. The reference standard (93) should be studied for details. 

The employer shall develop and implement safe work practices to provide for the control of hazards during operations such as lockout/tagout confined space entry opening process equipment or piping and control over entrance into a facility by maintenance, contractor, laboratory, or other support personnel. These safe work practices shall apply to employees and contractor employees. 

Other social controls indirectly influence industrial safety performance, such as laws and norms for corporate governance that cause companies to inform shareholders and potential investors about corporate activities so they can make informed decisions about financial risks. If the activities are hazardous, these sources of financial support may need to be convinced that their financial risks are held to acceptable levels by evidence of effective safety management, which thereby makes it necessary for companies to develop and implement codes of conduct and safety management practices that adhere to industrial standards and comply with government regulations. ... 

Harding, R. V., Pamarouskis, M. C. and Potts, R. G. (1978). The development and implementation of the hazard assessment computer system (HACS). Proc. Conf. Control Hazardous Mater. Spills 1978 pp. 51-59. 

Develop and implement comprehensive motor carrier safety and loss control program. Conduct and monitor accident reporting and investigation. Inspect facilities, equipment, and property for existing or potentially hazardous conditions. Recommend corrective/preventive measures to reduce risk. Analyze and update safety policies, procedures, and plans to promote a safe working environment and increase safety awareness. Identifies, monitors, evaluates, and tracks all safety activities through audits and statistical analysis. 

Organizations and hazard control managers must ensure the development of realistic objectives and goals. The attainment of hazard control objectives and goals will require development of written plans, procedures, policies, and directives. Develop and implement written documents that direct or require specific hazard control-related actions and behaviors. Written documents can assign hazard control responsibilities, communicate hazard control issues, and address issues such as inspections, training, and job-related processes. 

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