Accident Causal Factors

Classification of accident causal factors starts by examining each of the basic components of a control loop (see figure 3.2) and determining how their improper operation may contribute to the general types of inadequate control. 

Chapanis message is this If the design of the work is error-provocative, you can be certain that errors will occur, in the form of accident causal factors. 

In addition, Bill Johnson used a scroll as a normally expected event and an oval as a satisfactory event. The normally expected event distinguishes events that are typically a part of any system, such as change and normal variability. The satisfactory event describes events that may be accident causal factors but are a necessary part of the operation, like functional (part of the system) people or objects in the energy channel. Also, in addition to using the traditional transfer symbol (a triangle), the MORT chart includes capital letters as drafting breaks and small ellipses as risk transfers (Fig. 18-3). 

Organizations can use a variety of processes to analyze workplace hazards and accident causal factors. Hazard evaluations and accident trend analysis can help improve the effectiveness of established hazard controls. Routine analysis enables an organization to develop and implement appropriate controls for hazardous processes or unsafe operations. Analysis processes rely on information collected from hazard surveys, inspections, hazard reports, and accident investigations. This analysis process can provide a snapshot of hazard information. Effective analysis can then take the snapshots and create viable pictures of hazards and accident causal factors. 

I. Do workers feel free to discuss accident causal factors with investigators ... 

Once the various types of energy affecting the system have been identified, the ETBA worksheet should be completed. Figure 9.1 shows a sample ETBA worksheet. The information recorded on the completed ETBA worksheet can then be used to perform subsequent analyses (PHL, PHA, etc.) along with their related reports. In some cases, depending upon the level of detail desired, the ETBA itself may provide an adequate amount of information to be included in the final PHA. In fact, since hazardous events can usually be associated with some type of energy transfer and, since accident causal factors typically involve the absence of controls or the failure of existing barriers and. 

The book includes helpful resources in the appendices, such as a nurse safety perception survey, an accident causal factor chart, sample ergonomics symptoms report, sample TB exposure control plan, and a model respirator plan for small organizations. Complete with review exercises in each chapter, this book is ideal for certification training in nursing programs and as a reference for developing nursing in-service safety sessions. 

This book has been written primarily for the mining industry. Despite all the major improvements in mine safety (both surface and underground), it remains one of the most intrinsically hazardous occupations in the world. Moreover, in mining (as in other industries) human error in some form is almost certainly the most prevalent of accident causal factors. However, although there is considerable literature on mining human factors, the systematic assessment of human error potential, especially as a preventative measure, remains rare (as is equally the case in some other industrial settings). 

Construction accidents on site, however, leads to much social costs which harm the society (Hallowell 2010). The adverse outcomes create the need for accident prevention that requires knowledge of accident causal factors, how these factors contribute to accident causation and the extent to which causal factors contribute to accidents (Manu et al. 2012). This chapter aims at reviewing the direct and indirect causes from literamre. 

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