Coatings spin-coated

PLEDs contain polymeric emissive materials that are almost exclusively processed by solution coating (spin coating or inkjetting). This has been discussed in Chapter 2. While most polymer work uses fluorescent emissive materials, there are a few examples of phosphorescent materials being incorporated into a polymer chain and being used as phosphorescent emitters. This part of the materials discussion will be covered in Chapter 4. 

For some applications it is desirable to prepare aerogels as thin hints that are either self-supporting or supported on another substrate. All common coating methods such as dip coating, spin coating, and spray coating can be used lo prepare gel films. 

Frequently, adhesion promoters are used. The substrates are primed or coated with a thin layer of an adhesion promoter, typically HMDS, prior to spin coating with resist (18). Possibly, the primary action of HMDS is to negate hydrophilic sites such as SiOH and trapped moisture on the substrate surface that would otherwise repel the photoresist. HMDS is applied by dipping, vapor priming in special chambers, or spin coating. Spin coating is most often accomplished with the same equipment that is used to coat resists. No high-temperature bake other than the resist prebake is required. 

Polymer film electrodes are prepared either by evaporation technique or by -> electropolymerization. Redox polymers that are usually synthesized chemically are dissolved in a suitable solvent, placed as a droplet on the surface of a metal (or dip-coating, spin-coating techniques are applied) and the solvent is subsequently left to evaporate. The electrode can be used in other solvents in which the polymer is insoluble. Conducting polymer layers are usually developed by electropolymerization directly on the surface of the metal. 

Double Layer PAC/Pyrene Over PAC Coatings, Spin Coated Over 0.5ym Topology... 

Polymeric materials can be deposited on most transducers by industrial standard processes such as dip-coating, spin coating or drop-coating and therefore are compatible to current manufacturing processes in the microelectronics industry... 

Polymer films can be formed on an electrode surface from solutions of either the polymer or the monomer. Methods that start with dissolved polymer include cast or dip coating, spin coating, electrodeposition, and covalent attachment via functional groups. Starting with the monomer, one can produce films by thermal, electrochemical, plasma, or photochemical polymerization. 

However, ultra-thin films of unsubstituted polyaniline deposited on ITO glass electrode produced by dip coating, spin coating and the LB technique showed the most informative voltammetric characteristics. The single-layer LB films of polymer showed much better and reversible electrochromic activity on repeated scanning within up to 0,9 V in 1,0 M HCl solution than in electrochemically prepared materials [287],... 

Beyond PVD and CVD, there are techniques from the liquid/solution phase such as sol-gel, spray coating, spin coating, electrochemical deposition and liquid phase epitaxy. The sol-gel process is the most widely used method for the deposition of metal oxide for gas sensors. 

Figure 3.2 Illustration of sol-gel process of preparing nanocoating via three different coating techniques dip coating, spin coating, and electro spinning.

The above channel systems were modified using dip-coating, spin-coating, and drop-coating to introduce silica as a porous layer [70]. Pt was then introduced... 

To prepare polymer film electrodes there are different techniques like dip coating, spin coating, electropolymerization from monomers, and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) developed very recently. They are often used for both potentiometric and amperometric ion sensors. Some feature of different types of ion sensors based on polymer CMEs are shown in Table 1. Conducting polymer-based CMEs... 

Except for solution coating (dip-coating, spin coating and spray coating), all these techniques involve polymerisation reactions which generate new polymers as a very thin layer.. 

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