Cancer analysis

Bubendorf L et al. Hormone therapy failure in human prostate cancer analysis by complementary DNA and tissue microarrays. J Natl Cancer Inst 1999 91 1758-1764. 

Guinee DGJ, Travis WD, Trivers GE, et al. 1995. Gender comparisons in human lung cancer Analysis of p53 mutations, anti-p53 serum antibodies and C-erB-2 expression. Carcinogenesis 16 993-1002. 

Tepper JE, O Connell M, Niedzwiecki D, Hollis DR, Benson AB 3rd, Cummings B, Gunderson LL, Macdonald JS, Martenson JA, Mayer RJ. Adjuvant therapy in rectal cancer analysis of stage, sex, and local control— final report of intergroup 0114. J Clin Oncol 2002 20(7) 1744-50. 

L4. Lippman, M. E., Steroid receptors and clinical breast cancer analysis and endocrine therapy of breast cancer. In Perspective in Steroid Receptor Research (F. Bresciani, ed.), pp. 217-238. Raven Press, New York, 1980. 

Hartley A, Ho KF, McConkey C, Geh JI (2005) Pathological complete response following pre-operative chemoradio-therapy in rectal cancer analysis of phase II/III trials. Br J Radiol 78 934-938... 

Bogart )A, Watson D, McClay EF, et al (2008) Interruptions of once-daily thoracic radiotherapy do not correlate with outcomes in limited stage small cell lung cancer Analysis of CALCB phase III trial 9235. Lung Cancer epub... 

Fong Y et al. (1999) Clinical score for predicting recurrence after hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer analysis of 1001 consecutive cases. Ann Surg 230 309-318 Frei El, Antman K (1993) Combination chemotherapy dose and schedule. In Holland JF, Frei III E, Bast Jr RC, Morton DL, Weichselbaum RR (eds) Cancer Medicine, 3rd edn. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, pp 631-639 Friedman MA, Carter SK (1972) The therapy of osteogenic sarcoma current status and thoughts for the future. J Surg Oncol 4 482-510... 

Foster JH (1978) Survival after liver resection for secondary tumors. Am J Surg 135 390-394 Gayowski TJ, Iwatsuki S, Madariaga JR, et al (1994) Experience in hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer analysis of clinical and pathologic risk factors. Surgery 116 703-711... 

Liquid helium s use in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) continues to increase as the medical profession accepts and develops new uses for the equipment. This equipment has eliminated some need for exploratory surgery by accurately diagnosing patients. Another medical application uses MRE to determine (by blood analysis) whether a patient has any form of cancer. 

ImmunO lSS iy. Chemiluminescence compounds (eg, acridinium esters and sulfonamides, isoluminol), luciferases (eg, firefly, marine bacterial, Benilla and Varela luciferase), photoproteins (eg, aequorin, Benilld), and components of bioluminescence reactions have been tested as replacements for radioactive labels in both competitive and sandwich-type immunoassays. Acridinium ester labels are used extensively in routine clinical immunoassay analysis designed to detect a wide range of hormones, cancer markers, specific antibodies, specific proteins, and therapeutic dmgs. An acridinium ester label produces a flash of light when it reacts with an alkaline solution of hydrogen peroxide. The detection limit for the label is 0.5 amol. 

Pentoxifylline is stmcturaHy related to other methylxanthine derivatives such as caffeine [58-02-2] (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), theobromine [83-67-0] (3,7-dimethylxanthine), and theophylline [58-55-9] (3,7-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-1 H-piirine-2,6-dione or 1,3-dimethylxanthine), which also show radioprotective activity in some instances, suggesting that methylxanthines as a dmg class may radioprotect through a common mechanism (see Alkaloids). In a retrospective analysis of cervical and endometrial cancer patients receiving primary or adjuvant XRT, no association between caffeine consumption and incidence of acute radiation effects has been found. However, there was a decreased incidence of severe late radiation injury in cervical cancer patients who consumed higher levels of caffeine at the time of thek XRT (121). The observed lack of correlation between caffeine consumption and acute radiation effects is consistent with laboratory investigations using pentoxifylline. 

To further improve the general safety standards, the Delaney Clause was included in the Pood Additives Amendment of 1958. The Delaney Clause states that no food additive or color additive can be deemed safe if it has been found to induce cancer when ingested by humans or animals (23). The Clause acts as an absolute prohibition on the use of any additive found to cause cancer without any regard for whether, or to what extent, the substance is hazardous to human health. As scientific advances continue, both in the realm of food technology and analysis of previously undetected contaminants, the... 

L. Fishbeia and 1. K. O Neill, eds.. Environmental Carcinogens Methods of Analysis and Exposure Measurement, Vol. 10, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France, 1988, Chapts. 7—12. 

In recent year s, clinical studies on the role of uiinai y luodified nucleosides as the biochemical mai kers of various types of cancer have been actively undertaken. Most of the urinai y modified nucleosides ai e piimai ily originated by methylation of either the base part, the sugar hydroxyl par t, or in some cases, both par ts of the course of biodegradation of tRNA molecules. Hence, their isolation and identification plays a major role in biochemical analysis. 

Coggoii, D., Pannett, B., and Ache.son, E. D. (1984). Use of job-exposure matrix in an occupational analysis of lung and bladder cancers on the basis of death certificates. /. Natl. Cancer Inst. 72, 61-65. 

In more recent times, large doses of vitamin C have been claimed to prevent the common cold, cure infertility, delay the onset of symptoms in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and inhibit the development of gastric and cervical cancers. None of these claims have been backed by medical evidence, however. In the largest study yet done of the effect of vitamin C on the common cojd, a meta-analysis of more than 100 separate trials covering 40,000 people found no difference in the incidence of colds between those who took supplemental vitamin G regularly and those who did not. When taken during a cold, however, vitamin C does appear to decrease the cold s duration by 8%. 

Clarke PA, te Poele R, Wooster R, Workman P (2001) Gene expression microarray analysis in cancer biology, pharmacology, and drug development progress and potential. Biochem Pharmacol 62 1311-1336... 

F.14 Paclitaxel, which is extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia, has antitumor activity for ovarian and breast cancer. It is sold under the trade name Taxol. On analysis, its mass percentage composition is 66.11% C, 6.02% H, and 1.64% N, with the balance being oxygen. What is the empirical formula of paclitaxel ... 

Aschengrau A, Coogan PE, Quinn MM, et al. 1998. Occupational exposure to estrogenic chemicals and the occurrence of breast cancer An exploratory analysis. Am J Ind Med 34 6-14. 

Reichert, W.L., French, B.L, and Stein, J.E. et al. (1991). 32P postlabelling analysis of the persistence of bulky hydrophobic xenobiotic-DNA adducts in the liver of English sole, a marine fish. In Proceedings of the 82nd Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research, Houston, TXP, 87. 

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