Meta-analysis studies cancer

In a recent meta-analysis study on European men and women (25), high plasma concentrations of a- and /3-carotene were associated both with lower mortality from all causes and cancer, For cardiovascular mortality the inverse association was confined to the elderly with body mass index <25. 

Marino P, Preatoni A, Cantoni A, et al. Single-agent chemotherapy versus combination chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer A quality and meta-analysis study. Lung Cancer 1995 13 1-12. 

Faramawi ME, Johnson E, Fry MW, Sail M, Zhou Y (2007) Consumption of diffcaent types of meat and the risk of renal cancer meta-analysis of case-control studies. Cancer Causes Control 18 125-133... 

In more recent times, large doses of vitamin C have been claimed to prevent the common cold, cure infertility, delay the onset of symptoms in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and inhibit the development of gastric and cervical cancers. None of these claims have been backed by medical evidence, however. In the largest study yet done of the effect of vitamin C on the common cojd, a meta-analysis of more than 100 separate trials covering 40,000 people found no difference in the incidence of colds between those who took supplemental vitamin G regularly and those who did not. When taken during a cold, however, vitamin C does appear to decrease the cold s duration by 8%. 

Etminan, M. et al.. The role of tomato products and lycopene in the prevention of prostate cancer a meta-analysis of observational studies. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., 13, 340, 2004. 

Gandini S, Merzeninch H, Robertson C and Boyle P. 2000. Meta analysis of studies on breast cancer risk and diet the role of fruit and vegetable consumption and the intake of associated micronutrients. Eur J Cancer 36 636-646. 

Women have greater vulnerability for smoking-related diseases (specifically myocardial infarction and lung cancer) than men, but are less successful in quitting smoking (Harris et al. 1993 Zang and Wynder 1996 Thun et al. 2002 Henschke and Miettinen 2004 Henschke et al. 2006). Men benefit from nicotine replacement therapy more than women (reviewed by Perkins 2001). A recent meta-analysis of nicotine versus placebo patch studies has shown a significantly better response to nicotine in men than women (Perkins and Scott 2008). 

Partanen T, Boffetta P Cancer risk in asphalt workers and roofers review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. Am J Ind Med 26(6) 721MO, 1994... 

The largest meta-analysis is the Meta-Analysis of Chemotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer (MACH-NC) study evaluating 63 trials with a total of 10,741 patients (Table 2) (69). MACH-NC assessed individual data rather than literature-based data with the inclusion of updated data and unpublished trials. For two-thirds of the trials, individual data were updated to a median follow-up of 6.8 yr. The meta-analysis was subcategorized into locoregional treatment with and without concomitant chemotherapy, induction/adju-vant chemotherapy, and laryngeal preservation with induction chemotherapy rather than definitive treatment for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal tumors. 

A meta-analysis of epidemiological studies of ovarian cancer showed a summary estimated relative risk of 0.64 for ever-use of combined oral contraceptives, implying a 36% reduction in ovarian cancer risk (130). This protective effect increased with increasing duration of oral contraceptive use and continued for at least 10 years after discontinuation. Although most of the oral contraceptives reported in these studies were older, higher-dose formulations, the Cancer and Steroid Hormone (CASH) study included users of tablets containing ethinylestradiol 35 pg or less, and this subgroup of women had a reduced risk of ovarian cancer (115). 

In contrast to lignans, few studies have been reported regarding the relationship between ALA and breast cancer. In a meta-analysis, Saadatian-Elahi et al. (2004) reported a significant protective effect of total n-3 fatty acids and breast cancer risk. In this assessment, three cohort and seven case-control studies were reviewed. The case-control studies revealed an inverse association between ALA and breast cancer risk. High dietary intakes of ALA were correlated with a reduced breast cancer risk (Franceschi et al., 1996). This study involved 2569 women with breast cancer and the result was supported by a cohort study conducted in the Netherlands (Voorrips et al., 2002). A significant inverse association was found between ALA content in breast adipose tissue and breast cancer risk (Klein et al., 2000 Maillard et al., 2002). Furthermore, ALA to LA ratio close to one was also significantly associated with lower breast cancer risk (Maillard et al., 2002). 

Moulin JJ. 1997. A meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies of lung cancer in welders. ScandJWoik Environ Health 23 104-113. 

Numerous risk factors have been identified for infection with vancomycin-resistant enterococci. In one study the severity of mucositis in cancer patients was significantly associated with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (100). Previous vancomycin therapy was also believed to be a risk factor. However, a meta-analysis concluded that the reported strong association between vancomycin treatment and hospital-acquired vancomycin-resistant enterococci results from selection bias, confounding by duration of hospitalization, and publication bias (101). 

Hunt JD, van der Hel OL, McMillan GP, et al. Renal cell carcinoma in relation to cigarette smoking Meta-analysis of 24 studies. Int J Cancer 2005 114(1) 101-8. 

Meta-analysis of Epidemiology Studies of Cancer of the Nose and Nasal Sinuses and Nasopharyngeal Cancer... 

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