Allergic reactions anaphylactic reaction

Allergic reactions (anaphylactic shock, angioneurotic edema) ... 

Mast cells have for a long time been regarded as mere effector cells in acute allergic and anaphylactic reactions. Indeed, mast cells can be quickly... 

This drag lessens the allergic response of the organism caused by histamine. Tripelennamine is used for allergic symptoms, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and for allergic and anaphylactic reactions. Synonyms of this drug are pelanin and pyribenzamine. 

Hypersensitivity reactions Anaphylactic reactions and other allergic reactions have been reported. Cutaneous allergic reactions and serious cases of allergic vasculitis, often with purpura (bruises and red patches), of the extremities and extracutaneous P.1215... 

It is a glucocorticoid similar to dexamethasone. Used in status asthmaticus, acute allergic reactions, anaphylactic allergic... 

Allergic and anaphylactic reactions due to factor IX inhibitor have been described (SEDA-21, 343) (6). Anaphylactic reactions occur particularly in patients with undetectable concentrations of factor IX, because of major disruptions in the factor IX gene (10). In patients with factor IX inhibitor, IgGl subclass antibodies have been found, which may activate complement, resulting in allergic reactions (SEDA-21, 343) (10). However, it has also been suggested that allergic reactions to factor IX products are IgE-mediated. 

Most parenteral iron is administered intramuscularly, but intravenous injections have enjoyed a wave of popularity for no very good medical reason it seems particularly likely to precipitate acute allergic or anaphylactic reactions in sensitive individuals, sometimes involving cardiac dysrhythmias, hypotension, circulatory collapse, and pulmonary edema. 

In 1911 he was the first to identify the compound histamine in animal tissues, and he studied its physiological effects, concluding that it was responsible for some allergic and anaphylactic reactions. After successfully isolating acetylcholine in 1914, he established that it was found in animal tissue, and in the 1930s he showed that it is released at nerve endings in the parasympathetic nervous system, establishing acetyl-... 

Arachidonic acid can also be converted into a leukotriene. Because they induce contraction of the muscle that lines the airways to the lungs, leukotrienes are implicated in allergic reactions, inflammatory reactions, and heart attacks. Leukotrienes also bring on the symptoms of asthma and are implicated in anaphylactic shock, a potentially fatal allergic reaction. There are several antileukotriene agents available for the treatment of asthma. 

Nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, gastrointestinal bleeding, tinnitus, allergic and anaphylactic reactions salicylism with overuse Same as aspirin... 

Allergic Reactions Penicillin reactions range from skin rashes to anaphylactic shock. The more severe reactions are uncommon, but potentially life-threaten-... 

In their cured state UF resins are nontoxic. Urea itself is also harmless. However, free formaldehyde and formaldehyde generated by slow hydrolysis of the aminoplastic bond are highly reactive and combine easily with proteins in the human body. This may cause a painful inflammation of the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, and mouth [25]. Even a low concentration of formaldehyde vapor in the air can cause disagreeable irritations of the nose and eyes. However, such irritations usually disappear in a short time without permanent damage. Occasionally, allergic or anaphylactic reactions develop and complete removal from exposure is necessary. 

The penicillins in general, ate renowned for their lack of toxicity. The most common adverse effect of the use of penicillins is an allergic reaction which can change from a mild rash to fatal anaphylactic shock in rate cases. AH penicillins cross the placenta and ate excreted in maternal milk. However, the relative freedom from toxicity tenders these compounds valuable agents during pregnancy and lactation. 

Mean arterial pressure and cardiac output, an expression of the amount of blood that the heart pumps each minute, are the key Indicators of the normal functioning of the cardiovascular system. Mean arterial pressure is strictly controlled, but by changing the cardiac output, a person can adapt, e.g., to increased oxygen requirement due to increased workload. Blood flow in vital organs may vary for many reasons, but is usually due to decreased cardiac output. However, there can be very dramatic changes in blood pressure, e.g., blood pressure plummets during an anaphylactic allergic reaction. Also cytotoxic chemicals, such as heavy metals, may decrease the blood pressure. 

Allergy. Figure 1 Type I Anaphylactic Reaction IgE-bearing mast cells are activated by allergens to release mediators of acute allergic reactions. 

The term anaphylactic shock describes a severe generalized type I allergic reaction associated with cardiovascular shock, airway constriction and heart arrhythmias, which, if left untreated, may cause death. 

Anaphylactic shock is an extremely serious allergic drug reaction that usually occurs shortly after the administration of a drug to which the individual is sensitive This type of allergic reaction requires immediate medical attention. Symptoms of anaphylactic shock are listed in Table 1-2. 

Iron salts occasionally cause gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, headache, backache, and allergic reactions. The stools usually appear darker (black). Iron dextran is given by the parenteral route Hypersensitivity reactions, including fatal anaphylactic reactions, have been reported with the use of this form of iron. Additional adverse reactions include soreness, inflammation, and sterile abscesses at the intramuscular (IM) injection site Intravenous (IV) administration may result in phlebitis at the injection site When iron is administered via the IM route, a brownish discoloration of tlie skin may occur. Fhtients with rheumatoid arthritis may experience an acute exacerbation of joint pain, and swelling may occur when iron dextran is administered. 

The immune globulins are contraindicated in patients with a history of allergic reactions after administration of human immunoglobulin preparations and individuals with isolated immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency (individuals could have an anaphylactic reaction to subsequent administration of blood products that contain IgA). 

Finally, patients suffering from mastocytosis have a higher risk of developing severe anaphylaxis after an insect sting [34]. In venom-allergic patients with mastocytosis, elevated baseline serum tryptase levels were foimd to be associated with severe anaphylactic reactions to stings [35]. 

In one study, 26% of anaphylactic reactions were reported to have developed after a combination of elicitors [4]. In other patients with mastocytosis, anaphylaxis remains idiopathic despite an extensive search for an allergic basis. 

The natural history of Hymenoptera venom anaphylaxis, that is the risk to develop anaphylaxis again when re-stung, has been analyzed in several prospective studies (table 3) [35-37], and in placebo or whole-body extract treated controls of prospective studies on venom immunotherapy [38-40]. It is higher in patients with a history of severe as compared to mild systemic anaphylactic reactions, and in honey bee than in vespid venom-allergic patients - most likely because of the smaller and less constant amoimt of venom applied by vespids [10,41]. A short interval between two stings increases the risk of anaphylaxis [25], but severe anaphylaxis may occur again even after intervals of 10-20 years or more. 

Nybo M, Madsen JS Serious anaphylactic reactions due to protamine sulfate a systematic literature review. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2008 103 192. Moneret-Vautrin DA, Kanny G Anaphylaxis to muscle relaxants rational for skin tests. Allerg Immunol (Paris) 2002 34 233. 

Some types of allergic reaction, for example immediate or delayed-type skin allergies, serum-sickness-like reactions and anaphylactic reactions, may occur in a proportion of patients given penicillin treatment. There is some, but not complete, cross-allergy with cephalosporins. 

---