Gastrointestinal irritation

Metal soaps may cause skin irritation or sensiti2ation. They are harm fill if swallowed or ingested, which could result in gastrointestinal irritation and vomiting. Inhalation of concentrated vapors can lead to headaches and incoordination. 

KETOCONAZOLE This drug is given with food to minimize gastrointestinal irritation. Tablets may be crushed. Ketoconazole is absorbed best in an acid environment. Do not administer antacids, anticholinergics, or histamine blockers until at least 2 hours after ketoconazole is given. 

The salicylates are used cautiously in patients witii hepatic or renal disease, preexisting hypoprotiirombine-mia, or vitamin K deficiency and during lactation. The dragp are also used with caution in patients with gastrointestinal irritation such as peptic ulcers and in patients with mild diabetes or gout. 

Iron salts occasionally cause gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, headache, backache, and allergic reactions. The stools usually appear darker (black). Iron dextran is given by the parenteral route Hypersensitivity reactions, including fatal anaphylactic reactions, have been reported with the use of this form of iron. Additional adverse reactions include soreness, inflammation, and sterile abscesses at the intramuscular (IM) injection site Intravenous (IV) administration may result in phlebitis at the injection site When iron is administered via the IM route, a brownish discoloration of tlie skin may occur. Fhtients with rheumatoid arthritis may experience an acute exacerbation of joint pain, and swelling may occur when iron dextran is administered. 

The pretreatment of MH-susceptible patients with oral or intravenous dantrolene prior to surgery in order to avoid a crisis is controversial. Most physicians do not recommend prophylactic pretreatment except in patients who have had a previously documented episode. However, if pretreatment is desired, it is recommended that therapy be begun with intravenous dantrolene in a dose of 2 mg/Kg just prior to induction of anesthesia. This prevents the uncertainty of predictive blood values associated with the use of the oral route. The adverse effects of intravenous dantrolene prophylaxis include phlebitis and tissue necrosis. Patients who receive prophylactic treatment with oral dantrolene often complain of incapacitation, gastrointestinal irritation, prolonged drowsiness, and clinically significant respiratory muscle weakness. 

Gastrointestinal Effects. Nausea, gagging, vomiting, and diarrhea were part of the clinical syndrome exhibited by persons who consumed high doses Gethal in some cases) of endosulfan either intentionally or accidentally (Blanco-Coronado et al. 1992 Pradhan et al. 1997 Terziev et al. 1974). However, it is unclear whether these effects were the result of gastrointestinal irritation or were mediated... 

Using the wrong concentration of test materials in a study. Many effects (including both dermal and gastrointestinal irritation, for example) are very concentration dependent. 

A large fraction of such a material may quickly pass through the gastrointestinal tract and remain unabsorbed. Local irritation by a test substance generally decreases when the material is diluted. If the objective of the study is to establish systemic toxicity, the test substance should be administered in a constant volume to minimize gastrointestinal irritation that may, in turn, affect its absorption. If, however, the objective is to assess the irritation potential of the test substance, then it should be administered undiluted. 

Side effects In an open study with 3,250 subjects, the most common side effects reported were gastrointestinal irritation (0.6%), allergic reactions (0.5%), fatigue (0.4%), and restlessness (0.3%). 

Indians. The active principle, salicin, was isolated in 1829. It is chemically converted to the active principle, salicylic acid, in the intestine and liver. The chemically modified acetylsalicylic acid was first marketed in 1899 as aspirin. Salicin is also found in meadowsweet (Filipenduia ulmaria, then referred to as Spireaea ulmaria), from which the name aspirin derives (acetyl sp/r/c acid). The sodium salt of salicylic acid has the drawback of producing gastrointestinal irritation, but acetylsalicylic acid is well tolerated. 

Slow-K is a modified-release preparation containing potassium chloride. Patients taking Slow-K are advised to take the tablets in an upright position, while standing or sitting. The tablets should be swallowed whole with plenty of water, to avoid gastrointestinal irritation. 

Prednisolone tablets must be taken after food to prevent any gastrointestinal irritation and bleeding associated with the systemic administration of steroids. 

Oral administration of alendronic acid may cause gastrointestinal irritation. Patients are advised to swallow the tablets whole with plenty of water while standing or at least while in a sitting position. Concomitant administration of... 

Toxicology. Borates are irritants of the eyes, nose, and throat at high concentrations ingestion of the compounds can result in gastrointestinal irritation, kidney injury, and even death from central nervous system depression or cardiovascular collapse. 

Systemic toxicity may occur after chronic or multiple exposures. Possible effects include gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, kidney injury such as oliguria or anuria, central nervous system depression, and vascular collapse. 

Toxicology. Fuel oils cause gastrointestinal irritation, pulmonary aspiration pneumonia, neurological effects and can be irritants of the skin and eyes. 

Ingested inorganic tin exhibits only moderate toxicity, probably because of poor absorption and rapid tissue mrnover. However, consumption of food and fruit juices heavily contaminated with tin compounds in the range of 1400 ppm or more results in symptoms of gastrointestinal irritation, including nausea, abdominal cramps, vomiting, and diarrhea. ... 

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