Standardization Underwriters Laboratories

Key UL Fire Test Standards (Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062-2096) ... 

Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., Standards. Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Inc., develops safety testing standards for electric equipment. Only equipment which complies with those requirements may be listed or labeled. 

Until 1990 the EPA maintained a Hst of chemicals suitable for potable water treatment ia the United States. Siace then the entire question of certification and standards has been turned over to a group of organi2ations headed by the National Sanitation Eoundation, which has issued voluntary standards. As of January 1992, standards had been issued for most of the principal inorganic products, but only for two polymers, poly(DADMAC) and Epi-DMA (epichl orohydrin dimethyl amine) polymers (78). Certifications for commercial products meeting specified standards are issued by the National Sanitation Eoundation, Underwriter Laboratories, and Risk Eocus/Versar (79). 

Health and Safety Factors. Sulfur hexafluoride is a nonflammable, relatively unreactive gas that has been described as physiologically inert (54). The current OSHA standard maximum allowable concentration for human exposure in air is 6000 mg/m (1000 ppm) TWA (55). The Underwriters Laboratories classification is Toxicity Group VI. It should be noted, however, that breakdown products of SF, produced by electrical decomposition of the gas, are toxic. If SF is exposed to electrical arcing, provision should be made to absorb the toxic components by passing the gas over activated alumina, soda-lime, or molecular sieves (qv) (56). 

Underwriters Laboratories Inc., Standards forA.cetylene Generators No. 297 Portable Medium Pressure, May 1973 No. 408 Stationay Medium Pressure, May 1973. 

Each segment of the insulated wire and cable industry has its own set of standards, and cables are built to conform to specifications provided by a large variety of technical associations such as The Institute of Electrical Electronic Engineers (IEEE), The Insulated Cable Engineers Association, (ICEA), National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Rural Electrification Administration of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (REA), Association of Edison Illumination Companies (AEIC), MiUtary Specifications of the Department of Defense (MIL), American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), National Electrical Code (NEC), etc. 

Underwriters Laboratories 333 Pfingsten Road Northbrook, Id. 60062 Standards for Safety is ahst of more than 200 standards that provide specifications and requirements for constmetion and performance under test and in actual use of a broad range of electrical apparatus and equipment, including household appHances, fire-extinguishing and fire protection devices and equipment, and many other nongenerady classifiable items, eg, ladders, sweeping compounds, waste cans, and roof jacks for trader coaches. 

Underwriters Laboratories (UL) is an independent, nonprofit organisation that develops standards for safety in electrical products. UL 746 A, B,... 

For physical, thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties, ASTM test methods are employed (28). Flammability ratings are often based on Underwriters Laboratories (UL) standards (29). UL flammabiUty ratings given ia this article are aot iateaded to reflect the hazards preseated by the resias uader use coaditioas. Typical properties are givea ia Table 3. More details and additional properties are given ia Refereaces 5 and 31—33. 

Underwriters Laboratories Inc. has published the following tank standards ... 

Underwriters Laboratories Standard UL 525 (1994) applies to both deflagration and detonation flame arresters. It has also been approved as an ANSI standard. Its development is discnssed in Section 2.3.1. 

LfL 525. 1994. Standards for Flame Arresters. 6th edition. Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., Northbrook, IL. 

On just the subject of appliance safety the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) have published more than four hundred safety standards to assess the hazards associated with manufacturing appliances. These standards represent basic design requirements for various categories of products covered by the organization. For example, under UL s Component Plastics Program a material is tested under standardized, uniform conditions to provide preliminary information as... 

Standards provide a base for a uniform system of accepted performance such as those found in engineering practice standards, material standards, and test standards. Hydrogen standards are typically written under a consensus process by technical committees (TC) representing a cross section of interested parties and issued in the United States, for example, by organizations such as the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) for pressure vessels, pipelines, and piping the Compressed Gas Association (CGA) for pressure vessel operation and maintenance and the Underwriters Laboratories (UL) for product certification. 

Certification. It is a benefit to the employer to ensure that the intrinsically safe electrical circuit is certified. Certification can be achieved through the use of a third party, such as Underwriters Laboratories or Factory Mutual Research. Both of these organizations have their own standards for approval which are based on NFPA 493. The certification is accomplished in three steps ... 

Underwriters Laboratories (UL) high rise (hydrocarbon) fire test UL 1709, has an average fire temperature of 1093 °C (2,000 °F) after 5 minutes. Therefore unless the an actual fire exposure heat radiation input calculation has been made, either a worst case fire exposure temperature could be assumed or a standard temperature to the limits of UL 1709 could be applied. 

Underwriters Laboratory UL 94 Standard for Safety, 11 457-458 Undifferentiated chemicals, 20 712 Undiscovered petroleum resources, 18 595 Unfilled tooth restorative resins, 8 333 Uniaxial extensional viscosity, measuring, 21 740... 

Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) UL is an independent, not-for-profit product safety testing and certification organization. UL has tested products for public safety for more than a century with more than 14 billion UL Marks applied to products worldwide. UL has developed a standard for inverters that can be applied to fuel cells. 

UL 1741 Underwriters Laboratory 1741 is a standard for the testing, listing and safety certification for electric inverters. This standard is for static inverters and charge controllers for use in photovoltaic power systems, but may be used for fuel cells. 

Safety Standard for Lithium Batteries, UL 1642, Underwriters Laboratories Inc, Third Edition, 1995. 

Standard for Household and Commercial Batteries, UL 2054, Underwriter Laboratories, Inc., 1993. 

ASTM E 1529 Standard Test Methods for Determining Effects of Large Eiydrocarbon Pool Fires on Structural Members and Assemblies and Underwriters Laboratories Inc. 1709 Standard for Rapid Rise Fire Tests of Protection Materials for Structural Steel are two tests which are used to evaluate the performance of structures, equipment, and protective materials to hydrocarbon fires (see Figure 5-17). 

Listed equipment is typically defined as materials that have been tested to a standard by an organization that is acceptable to the AHJ. The listing organization, such as Underwriters Laboratories (UL) or Factory Mutual (FM), maintains a periodic audit of listed equipment or materials to ensure that the equipment or material meets appropriate designated standards or has been tested and found suitable for a specified purpose. The testing organization then publishes a list of equipment that has passed the evaluation process. Hence, the fire protection community uses the term "listed" to define equipment that has been specifically evaluated for use in fire protection applications. 

Standards Third-party standards for AST fabrication have evolved significantly over the past two decades, as have various recommended practice guidelines for the installation and operations of AST systems. Standards developed by Underwriters Laboratories (UL) have been perhaps the most predominant guidelines—in fact, ASTs are often categorized according to the UL standard that they meet, such as a UL 142 tank. ... 

Underwriters Laboratories Inc. standards for steel ASTs storing flammable and combustible liquids include the following ... 

Underwriters Laboratories of Canada (ULC) publishes a number of standards for aboveground tanks and accessories. All the following pertain to the aboveground storage of flammable liquids and combustible liquids such as gasoline, fuel oil, or similar products with a relative density not greater than 1.0 ... 

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