Test procedure/results

Earlier in this paper studies were reported that indicated correlation of the molecular structure of the compound with bioactivity in seed germination in laboratory tests, as compared to tests performed in the field, offer distinct advantages. Most of what we know on this subject was obtained from laboratory test procedures. Results from field tests are also dependent upon the stability of the compound and physical factors such as solubility and adsorption in the soil. 

Deliverables at each life-cycle stage (e.g., test procedures, results). 

Identification of the material properties as an estimation of transfer function (TF) for the black box model. In this case the problem of identification is solving according to the results of the input (IN) and output (OUT) actions. There is a transfer of notion of mathematical description of TF on characterization of the material. This logical substitution gives us an opportunity to formalize testing procedure and describe the material as a set of formulae, which can be used for quantitative and qualitative characterization of the materials. 

For a long time, the wheels were mainly tested with dye penetration. This test procedure can make defects which are open to the surface of the material visible for the tester. It is, however, common knowledge that the test results vary greatly depending on the subjective view of the individual tester. 

The use of the surface ultrasonic waves seems to be convenient for these purposes. However, this method has not found wide practical application. Peculiarities of excitation, propagation and registration of surface waves created before these time great difficulties for their application in automatic systems of duality testing. It is connected with the fact that the surface waves are weakened by soil on the surface itself In addition, the methods of testing by the surface waves do not yield to automation due to the difficulties of creation of the acoustic contact. In particular, a flow of contact liquid out of the zone of an acoustic line, presence of immersion liquid, availability of chink interval leads to the adsorption and reflection of waves on tlie front meniscus of a contact layer. The liquid for the acoustic contact must be located only in the places of contact, otherwise the influence on the amplitude will be uncontrolled. This phenomenon distorts the results of testing procedure. 

Metrological attestation as the procedure that ensures reproducibility and comparability of the results of measurements is specified in GOST 8.010-90 State System of Measurements. Procedures of Measurements Implementation didn t find wide use in NDT. In airspace industry, railway and naval transport the requirements of approval of test procedures is in force more than 20 years. In chemical and oil-chemical sectors the similar requirements were less explicit. In some industries, for example in building GOST 8.010-90 was not put into account. 

Attestation of the test procedure is realized with the aim to confirm both the correctness of the choice of method and NDT facilities and fullness of requirements included in the test procedure. Attestation ensures reliability of testing results with required accuracy. 

The octane number requirement (ONR) of a car is the octane number which causes barely audible, ie, trace knock when driven by a trained rater. The Coordinating Research Council (CRC), a research organi2ation funded joindy by the American Petroleum Institute (API) and the American Automobile Manufacturers Association (AAMA), has defined test procedures for measuring ONR. Each car is driven under a set of light and heavy accelerations until the most sensitive driving mode is determined. Then a series of fuels is mn in the car until trace knock is determined. Each year, CRC members measure ONR of more than 100 cars and pubHsh the results. 

Mechanical properties of plastics can be determined by short, single-point quaUty control tests and longer, generally multipoint or multiple condition procedures that relate to fundamental polymer properties. Single-point tests iaclude tensile, compressive, flexural, shear, and impact properties of plastics creep, heat aging, creep mpture, and environmental stress-crackiag tests usually result ia multipoint curves or tables for comparison of the original response to post-exposure response. 

In general, textile materials are moisture- and temperature-sensitive. As a result, all tests should be performed at ambient conditions of 21°C and 65% relative humidity unless otherwise stated. Most of the testing procedures discussed for textile materials are available in the Hterature (1,2). 

Arrester Testing and Standards Regulatory and approval agencies and insurers impose acceptance testing requirements, sometimes as part of certification standards. The user may also request testing to demonstrate specific performance needs, just as the manufacturer can help develop standards. These interrelationships have resulted in several new and updated performance test procedures. Listing of an arrester by a testing laboratoiy refers only to performance under a defined set of test conditions. The flame arrester user should develop specific application requirements based on the service involved and the safety and risk criteria adopted. 

In the following we describe a brief procedure to conduct various tests and measurements and compulation of the lest results according lo lEC 60034-1. (For more details of the testing procedure the reader should refer to the standard.)... 

The tests against step numbers I, 2 and 3 in Section 14.2,2 are of a general nature and no test procedure is prescribed. The rest are similar to the tests covered under type tests. The procedures of tests and requirements of test results will remain the same as discussed earlier. 

Additional tests on a capacitor VT The tests discussed above refer generally to the electromagnetic unit only. To test the whole VT, the following tests are recommended. For the test procedure and results refer to lEC 60186. 

The results of impact tests are often scattered even with the most careful test procedures. In these circumstances it is normal practice to quote the median strength rather than the average. This is because the median will be more representative of the bulk of the results if there are odd very high or very low results. A non-broken sample can also be allowed for in median analysis but not when the average is used. 

Recent developments in the field-testing procedure have demonstrated that a motor-driven 35-mm camera at up to three frames per second produces superior results to a movie camera.The analysis of the film is carried nut by scaling the distance that fume advances from one consecutive photogi aph to the next. The diameter of the plume as a function of the distance above the source can be scaled directly off the photograph. 

Operating procedures prescribe how specific tasks are to be performed. Subcategories of these procedures may include test procedures, inspection procedures, installation procedures, etc. These should reference the standards and guides (see below) which are needed to carry out the task, document the results, and contain the forms to be used on which to record information. 

The second part of the requirement deals with inspection and test records, which are also covered in clause 4.10.5. The difference between these requirements is that clause 4.10.1 requires you to document the records to be established (in other words define ) in the quality plan or procedures and clause 4.10.5 requires you to produce the records defined in the quality plan or procedures. Your inspection and test procedures therefore need to specify or contain the forms on which you intend to record the results of the inspections and tests performed. The details are covered later in this chapter, but there are two types of record to be considered the record that shows which inspections and tests have been performed and the record that shows the results of these inspections and tests. One may be a route card, shop traveler, or document which acts as both a plan of what to do and a record of the progress made and the other may be a table of results with specified parameters and accept/reject criteria. 

Based on the requirements of the separation, media of suitable pore size, particle size, and surface properties are selected as well as column dimensions and column material. In some cases a suitable combination of media type and column dimensions may be available as a prepacked column. In most cases, this is a more expensive alternative to preparing the column yourself but will provide a consistent quality as assured by the manufacturing and testing procedures of the vendor. The consistent quality may be critical in obtaining reproducible results and may thus be a cost-effective solution. Also, the fact that smaller particle-sized media are more difficult to pack and require special, and expensive, equipment has resulted in that gel filtration media of small particle size, e.g. smaller than 15 /zm, are predominantly supplied as prepacked columns. 

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