Implementation of measures

There are two t) es of evaluation that can benefit the improvement and maintenance of mentoring programs formative (ongoing) and summative (final). Formative evaluation is concerned with the implementation of measures that help you to evaluate how a program is currently doing. It is similar to a review that takes place on an ongoing basis - it is all about keeping an eye on the scheme. In this sense, formative evaluation enables ... 

Summative evaluation, on the other hand, is much more formal and extensive, and is concerned with the implementation of measures that enable you to determine whether a scheme has ultimately achieved its objectives. It takes place once the scheme has been rimning for quite some time - perhaps after 1 or 2 years. 

Lacking international and local cooperation an insufficient cooperation and coordination between different implementation scales. This leads to discrepancies in prioritisation of measures and their effects, depending on the scale considered. This lack of common objectives occurred with harmonisation of measurement protocols and with selection and implementation of measures between countries and institutions during the implementation of first generation RBMPs. 

The decision on the selection of measures has to be made by politicians/managers. Scientists can provide transparency for the decision makers by clarifying the current and potential future status of the system, the possible measures and their ecological, economical and social consequences. Scientists should learn the language and the interests of the public, because often information handed over from the scientists/ water managers to the public is perceived not reliable and/or relevant for them, moreover taking into account that public participation is mandatory according to the WFD. It is clear that public participation is important for the implementation of measures and for acceptance, because measures can have an impact on specific interests of the public (see example described in the previous section). 

The reasons for the non-attainment of the PM10 limit values were also stated in the notifications of time extensions. In most cases, it was stated that non-attainment by 2005 could be attributed inter alia to a delay in the implementation of measures, or certain measures leading to a lower level of emission reductions than expected. An increase in road traffic is stated as a reason for non-attainment especially in eastern European countries. An increase of primary NO2 emissions due to an increasing share of diesel vehicles has been reported e.g. by France, Germany, Italy and UK. 

Deficiencies in the development of the above-mentioned datasets and in the implementation of measures might be due to administrative and/or financial deficiencies, especially in the course of the economic crisis in recent years. Possible ways to overcome these hurdles depend on the specific situation in the concerned Member States. Suitable approaches might be to encourage transnational projects so as to exchange best practice examples and to support institution building such as projects under the South East Europe Transnational Cooperation Programme,18 the Central... 

Worldwide food trade as well as customers expectations regarding foodstuffs enforce implementation of measures which improve sensory, physicochemical, functional, and health-related characteristics of food products. Food producers themselves, aware of the importance of product quality, do not neglect the question of sensory, visual, and marketing features of food products. This, along with the required economic efficiency, encourages food manufacturers to use various additives in food processing technologies, which improve the characteristics of food products demanded by shoppers. In short, food additives play an important role in today s complex food supply. 

Figure 4.2.1 Timetable of implementation of the Water Framework Directive and the role of modelling to support different management tasks identification of pressures and impacts (blue), design of programmes of measures (red), implementation of measures (green) and evaluation of the results (purple) (see Plate 3)...

The last phase consists of the design and implementation of measures of risk control. 

The purpose of the Decree and the four regulations is threefold (Sect, i of the Decree) To further a high standard for safety, achieve a systematic implementation of measures to fulfil safety requirements and objectives, and further develop and improve safety standards. While the first and last of these objectives aim directly at the fundamental objective of any safety legislation, the second objective points in a slightly different direction in order to be able to systematically implement relevant measures to comply with safety requirements, the responsible party has to establish an administrative and organisational structure for this purpose. This objective thus constitutes the inception of the internal control system (Subsection 5.1.2 (b)). 

Knowledge of the implementation of measurements, computations, evaluations, appraisal, technical studies, planning reports and other similar tasks. 

Operating characteristic Before the implementation of compensatory measures After the implementation of measures... 

People are simulaneously exposed in varying degrees to lead in food, drink and air, as well as a number of other sources (Fig. 7.1). There is a continuing debate as to the significance of each of these particular pathways, which is unlikely to be readily resolved, due to the diversity of sources of exposure and their lead concentrations, as well as the varied nature of the individual s metabolic response to the lead. It is, nevertheless, important to attempt to estimate the relative significance of the difference pathways, in order to allow effective implementation of measures designed to limit exposure. 

If the facility has been used for purposes not prohibited under this Convention before this Convention enters into force for the State Party, and is continuing to be in operation, but the measures required to be certified under paragraph 68 have not been taken, the Director-General shall immediately inform the Executive Council, which may require implementation of measures it deems appropriate, inter alia, shut-down of the facility and removal of specialized equipment and modification of buildings or structures. The Executive Council shall stipulate the deadline for implementation of these measures and shall suspend consideration of the request pending their satisfactory completion. The facility shall be inspected promptly after the expiration of the deadline to determine whether the measures have been implemented. If not, the State Party shall be required to shut down completely all facility operations. 

Recommends that the Second Special Session of the Conference of the States Parties to Review the Operation of the Chemical Weapons Convention review the implementation of measures regarding transfers of Schedule 3 chemicals to States not Party as stipulated in Part... 

As an immediate consequence of the emgy audits undertaken, SIURE is in a position to support further studies relating to the creation and implementation of measuring systems, the recording and cost control of consumption and the infrastractures necessary for the management of energy in premises where it is consumed. This control exists as a parallel to the managemment of production, raw materials and personnel. 

Safer speeds plays a key role in the Australian interpretation of Safe Systan. The actual implementation of measures in accordance with this Vision is stiU in its infancy, and to date no results regarding its effectiveness have been reported. 

For the availability analysis the logistics of floating cranes and ships for the transport of spare parts and the implementation of measures has been integrated into the model. 

The programme for feedback of operational experience should also address the provisions for the evaluation of experience gained from operational events at similar plants, the identification of generic problems and the implementation of measures for improvement, if necessary. 

We regard the implementation of measures following an accident as a means for the indnstrial organisation to store experience from the event in its collective memory. We will here identify four different types of memory for storing accident experience, corresponding roughly to Van Court Hare s hierarchy ... 

The workplace inspection is documented to ensure a timely implementation of measures. As a minimum, this report should include a description of identified deviations and hazards and the measures that have been decided, who is responsible for implementation of measures and due date for action. The reports are distributed to those participating in the inspection and to those responsible for safety measures. Follow-up should preferably utilise established management routines. In some companies it is common to take action on the spot and to omit to document the measures. The formal reports from such inspections will not give an accurate picture of the effects of the inspections. 

Design features also play an important role in the corrosion of embedded steel. Mix proportions, depth of cover over the steel, crack control measures and implementation of measures designed specifically for corrosion protection are some of the factors that control the onset and rate of corrosion. 

The decision-making process is a central element of the risk management system. It is a discipline in its own right. This stage concerns decisions on implementation of selected risk management strategies and measures. In consultation with all parties concerned, weighed alternatives are selected and decisions are made for their implementation. The decision may involve implementation of measures to reduce or eliminate unacceptable risks. When appropriate, risks ate eliminated, reduced or transferred in the most cost effective manner. When they are justified, risks are retained or accepted. 

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