Automobile Manufacturers Association

The octane number requirement (ONR) of a car is the octane number which causes barely audible, ie, trace knock when driven by a trained rater. The Coordinating Research Council (CRC), a research organi2ation funded joindy by the American Petroleum Institute (API) and the American Automobile Manufacturers Association (AAMA), has defined test procedures for measuring ONR. Each car is driven under a set of light and heavy accelerations until the most sensitive driving mode is determined. Then a series of fuels is mn in the car until trace knock is determined. Each year, CRC members measure ONR of more than 100 cars and pubHsh the results. 

American Automobile Manufacturers Association 7430 Second Avenue, Suite 300 Detroit, Michigan 48202 Phone 313-872-4311 Fax 313-872-5400... 

European Automobile Manufacturers Association, the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, the Engine Manufacturers Association, and the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association. Associate members are from Canada, China, Korea, Mexico, the Philippines, South Africa and Thailand. 

Blum C., Cooper J.S., Keller G. and Yoshioka S., World-Wide Fuel Charter (European Automobile Manufacturers Association, Brussels, 2000) 1-48. 

The Federation of Electric Power Companies Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association, Inc. 

Automobile Manufacturers Association, New York, Automobile Facts and Figures. ... 

American Automobile Manufacturers Association. 1995. Motor Vehicle Facts ) Figures. Washington, DC American Automobile Manufacturers Association. 

Monthly statistics on the production of cars, trucks, and buses are available from the Automobile Manufacturers Association, of Detroit. In addition, Automobile FactSj a monthly journal (18), Automobile Facts and Figures, an annual yearbook (IP), and Motor Truck Facts,a biennial report (20), are published. All are available without charge. 

Automobile Facts, Automobile Manufacturers Association, Detroit, monthly. 

Automobile Manufacturers Association, Motor Truck Facts, biennial. 

The American Automobile Manufacturers Association which merged into the international Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers claims that today s automobiles are up to 96% less polluting than cars 35 years ago but automobiles still produce a quarter of the carbon dioxide generated annually in the United States. 

Another factor facing U.S. automakers was foreign competition, specifically that from Japan. In 1964, Japanese four-wheeled motor vehicle exports were just over 100,000 [3], However, according to the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA), in 1965 a 51.9% share of the export market in 1965 rose steadily to a 73% share in 1971. Passenger car exports in Japan s total automobile production output rose from 10.4% in 1965 to 40% in 1974 unit figures rose from 100,000 in 1965 to 1,827,000 in 1975 [4],... 

Japan Automobile Manufactures Association. Japan s auto industry (http //www.jama. org/about/industry 1 Ohtm)... 

AAMA Motor Vehicle Facts Figures 95, American Automobile Manufacturers Association, September, 1995. 

The approval process for braking assistance can be regarded as a prerequisite for active safety systems. The requirements formulated by the Directive 2003/102/EG, Phase 2, of the European Parliament and of the Council [53] could nearly not be fulfilled by means of passive safety. As a consequence, an evaluation regarding the effectiveness of different measures of pedestrian protection has been carried out [54, 55]. The commitment of the European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA) European Automobile Manufacturers Association to implement brake assist, an active safety system, in every new car, led to a reduction of the requirements... 

Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association, INC. (2005) The Motor Industry of Japan 42... 

Engine lubricant specifications (e.g. European Automobile Manufacturers Association ACEA, American Petroleum Institute API, International Lubricant Standardization and Approval Committee ILSAC and Japanese Automotive Standards Organization JASO) are progressively limiting the level of sulfated ash, phosphorus, and sulfur (SAPS) in oil formulations. Several low- or zero-SAPS additives, such as thiophosphates, amine phosphates, metal dithiocaibamates, organometallics and organoboron compounds, have recently been proposed to partially or fully replace ZnDTPs [5]. 

Milling the surface may be necessary for a painted or dirty surface, but this can be done in a few seconds with hand held abraders. Although the reflection spectra obtained do not resemble absorption spectra, they can be transformed mathematically to give comparable results. Even without the transformation the data obtained is sufficient to set up a specific identification procedure that can recognise subtle differences in polymer structure and composition. MIR can identify and separate polymers of a similar type e.g. different form of polyamides or blends that only vary in proportion of polymers present [8]. A number of rapid identification methods are now marketed, based on MIR with sealed specular reflectance attachments. Both large scale and portable systems are available. The method can be automated and used in conjunction with a reference collection of spectra can visually display the most probable polymer type. The Bruker system P/ID 22 has been developed and tested in conjunction with the European Automobile Manufacturers Association... 

Renschler, A. Vision 20-20, European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA) Pressekonferenz auf der lAA 2008, Hannover (2008)... 

Sources United States FRA (1995a,b), FHWA (1995), Department of Commerce (1995). Canada Transportation Safety Board of Canada (1995), Statistics Canada (1995), American Automobile Manufacturers Association (1996), Human Resource Development Canada (1998). Great Britain Health and Safety Executive (1995). 

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