Transfer technology

Technology transfer is a critical step in ensuring project success. The client must recognize that each toller is different in regard to how they progress from the laboratory to a test run to production. The toller selection step should have revealed that each candidate company possessed different levels of skill, experience and management culture. 

While a complete technology package is essential, the transfer of technology can be enhanced by  

One method that can be used to enhance the efficiency of technology transfer presents itself when a client has a laboratory or pilot plant producing the materials. When this is so, the toller s personnel can visit the site, observe the processing and ask questions of the research and development team. Conversely, the research and development team or chemists and engineers from the client can witness any test runs taking place at the toller s plant. These options allow both companies to ask questions, give advice on process and 

Technology transfer in nuclear power is fundamentally a long-term, programme-oriented activity. As such, it is not specifically related to SMPRs. There are, however, some considerations which take on additional importance for smaller reactors. 

SMPRs have to compete economically with other energy sources. Owing to the characteristics of specific installation costs vs. unit size, emphasis has to be given to minimizing investments. This refers not only to the investment in the plant Itself, but also to the Investments in technology transfer and the development of the necessary 

Infrastructures. Technology transfer will represent considerable efforts for the buyer country, and may involve sizeable Investments which will have to be justified by the expected results. It would follow logically that for a first nuclear power plant, and in particular for an SMPR, the technology transfer ambitions should not be set too high. 

Success in technology transfer will mainly depend on the country s capability to effectively absorb the technology it is receiving. The type of contract (turnkey or non-turnkey) under which the nuclear power plant is acquired should not have a major influence on this but, on the other hand, specific provisions within the contracts (for plant as well as fuel) and specific additional technology transfer contracts and agreements will have a large impact on the success of technology transfer. 

A more extensive technology transfer could take place in advance of and in parallel with the Implementation of a nuclear power project, if established within the broader framework of a nuclear power programme, and if supported by  

When the method development process has been completed, an analytical procedure is subject to validation and transfer to routine use. This process may be called technology transfer which implies migration from the R D environment to routine analytical laboratories. This process needs to be carried out whether the applicability of the procedure is limited to a single laboratory or to many laboratories. 

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EPA Process Design Manualfor Suspended Solids Removal, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Technology Transfer, Washington, D.C., 1975, pp. 5-6. 

J. D. Major, "Some Practical IateUectual Property Aspects of Technology Transfer", Int. J. Tech. Mgmt. 3(1,2), 43—49 (1988). 

G. Stuart, "Technology Transfer— Patents and Licenses Productir. Technol 4, 10—13 (1979). 

The R D function itself will be organized from company to company in very different ways. In some firms, the responsibiUty for innovation will be broadly shared and a distinct R D unit may cease to exist. In others, technical developments from an R D lab will be the principal source of innovation for the business. In still others, the primary task of the R D or technology group will be to obtain technology from outside the firm. Those involved in R D will need to make certain that their knowledge and talents impact the business irrespective of their precise function. The innovation process will become less linear (Fig. 8) as more feedback loops, technology transfer, and cooperative efforts are involved. 

Fig. 8. The innovation process model seen as a series of feedback loops involving technology transfer and the merging of cooperative efforts on a global...

Roy F. Weston, Inc., Process Design Manualfor Upgrading Existing Wastewater Treatment Plants, prepared for U.S. EPA, technology transfer, program no. 17090 GNQ, 1971. 

Seeing the success of the UNAMAP BBS, EPA s Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards started a BBS for information on regulatory models in June 1989. This has expanded to a BBS called TTN, Technology Transfer Network. This BBS, in Durham, NC, is reached on (919) 541-5742 and the system operator on (919) 541-5384. A part of this BBS called SCRAM, Support Center for Regulatory Air Models, contains model FORTRAN codes, model executable codes for use on personal computers, meteorological data, and in some cases model user s guides. Much of the information is downloaded in "packed" form, and software to unpack the files must also be downloaded from the bulletin board. 

Sponsor U.S. Army Chemical Research, Development and Engineering Center (CRDEC). Developer Stevens T, Chan Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94551-9900, Phone (501)422-1822 Diana L. West, L-795 Technology Transfer... 

Serves as the international focal point for technology transfer and developments on ozone-r elated issues. 

A free, nonregulatory service of the EPA dedicated to reducing or eliminating industrial pollutants through technology transfer, education, and public awareness. Hours 8 30 a.m. - 4 00p.m. EST 24-hour-a-day voice mail. 

Standards Development and Technology Transfer Division Teclmical Information Branch... 

Cost How much does it cost Do you provide technology transfer ... 

Technology transfer may involve the transfer of an analytical method from a research group to an analytical group, the transfer of a method from one analytical laboratory to another analytical laboratory or to a quality control... 

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