Computers, personal

Technology has converged and seems likely to continue to do so, particularly with the parallel developments in the personal computer. The P.C. today has the power needed to analyse and interpret the often confusing responses obtained in eddy current tests, in real time as the tests are being made. The responses we get from a testpiece come, as we all know, equally from features we are not interested in as they do from significant features. 

Taking into account that it is necessary to make vary the flaw detector settings during the main part of the verifications, the total number of verifications is rather important. So, Technical Center for Mechanical Industries (CETIM) began the development of an electronic system enabling to benefit of the current possibilities of generation of synthesised radio frequency signals and help of personal computer for operator assistance and calculation. 

The system is driven by a software/working under window and rurming on personal computer. The system is based on using dialogue boxes which enable the user-software communication. The as-built system leads the operator step by step in its verification operations by indicating him the operations to perform. The system records the measurements results and stores them in the memory. 

The rapid development of the computer technique and the decreasing prices in spite of the increasing of performance have spread the use of personal computers (PCs) not only for industrial use but also for private use. Also, in spite of increasing requirements mea.surement and test systems become more and more economical, including NDT-systems. 

The multiple advantages of our process reengineering are improvement of the acquisitioii/analysis speed (times 4), the low cost as this in house application is based on personal computers, the easy and minimal cost upgrades can be performed by engineers and technicians, and an immediate inspection feedback implementation. 

Saarilahti J and Rauhala E 1992 Interactive personal-computer data analysis of ion backscattering spectra A/uc/. Instrum. Methods B 64 734... 

Typical examples of hierarchical database systems arc the file system of personal computers or the organization of parts (e.g., a construction plan). In the case of car parts, the objects (e.g. B = rear suspension, E = right wheel, J = rim, K = screw) are... 

Once requiring minicomputers and worksta tions many molecular mechanics programs are avail able for personal computers The information that strain energy calculations can provide is so helpful... 

The input could be from a PC (personal computer), as in word processing, but could equally well be from an instrument the output could be to a video screen, a printer, or to the same or another instrument (Figure 42.9). All these functions are organized by the central processor in so-called real time, i.e., virtually immediately. 

Computers, personal Computer systems Computer technology... 

Personal computers Persulfuric acid Per/tet process Perthane [72-56-0]... 

In 1982, the European Space Agency s Information Retrieval Service (ESA/IRS) introduced the ZOOM command, providing users with a mechanism to analy2e retrieved sets. In 1984, service at a baud rate of 2400 was made available by Tymnet and Telenet for pubHc access to on-line databases. In 1985, the first commercial CD-ROM drives for personal computers became available, along with the first commercial CD-ROM databases. 

Personal computers have introduced new ways to handle pdvate biblographic and text files. The most important factors to consider to achieve satisfactory results in building a bibhographic or text database are the type of information to be stored and the needs of the user. Types of information include correspondence, research results and documentation, meeting notes, and bibliographic references. Needs of the user to be considered should include the potential number of users of the database, restrictions for the access and display of the information because of privacy or proprietary reasons, and the retrieval mechanisms (eg, by keyword, authority list, controUed vocabulary, author, tide, date, or other document or information attributes). In addition, criteria for selecting and encoding information for the database need to be established. 

The type of hardware or computer system to be used and the potential size of the database should also be considered. Eor some databases, a personal computer may be adequate. Eor others, especiaUy if there wiU be multiple users, a mainframe computer or a network of personal computers may be required. Storage capacity and response time are parameters that should be considered. However, computer technology changes so rapidly that vendors and computer experts should be consulted when building any personal databases. 

D. E. Meyer, W. A. Warr, and R. A. Love, eds.. Chemical Structure Softwarefor Personal Computers, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1988. 

A recent trend in particle analysis has been the introduction of personal computer-based automation (3). Sophisticated software packages can be used to automate and speed up the analysis. In some cases these computers can even carry out continuous process control (qv) (see Computer technology). The latest machines also allow the measurements of smaller particles and can detect a wider range of sizes. Machines based on light-scattering principles are being more widely accepted by the industry because of speed. An average analysis takes from 1—2 min, whereas those based on sedimentation principles require from 10—120 min. 

Stand-alone computer systems, usually based on a personal computer (PC) or programmable logic controller (PLC), provide a separate computer system for each pilot plant. This allows for economical expansion for new units, separates pilot plants completely for maintenance and troubleshooting, and often has the lowest initial cost. Standardization can be a problem and software control, data gathering, and storage packages can be limited in size, scope, and capabiUty these are usually acceptable trade-offs. 

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