Model FORTRAN

Seeing the success of the UNAMAP BBS, EPA s Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards started a BBS for information on regulatory models in June 1989. This has expanded to a BBS called TTN, Technology Transfer Network. This BBS, in Durham, NC, is reached on (919) 541-5742 and the system operator on (919) 541-5384. A part of this BBS called SCRAM, Support Center for Regulatory Air Models, contains model FORTRAN codes, model executable codes for use on personal computers, meteorological data, and in some cases model user s guides. Much of the information is downloaded in "packed" form, and software to unpack the files must also be downloaded from the bulletin board. 

MOBAS was written by the author (Rogers, 1983) in BASIC to illustrate matrix inversion in molecular orbital calculations. It is modeled after a program in FORTRAN n given by Dickson (Dickson, 1968). 

One of the first complete, continuous simulation models was the pesticide mnoff transport model (PRT) (56). Improvements in the PRT modelled to the hydrologic simulation program—FORTRAN model (57). A number of other models have been developed (58,59). These models represent a compromise between the avadable data and the abiHty to encompass a wide range in soils, climates, and pesticides. These models have had mixed success when extended beyond the data with which they were caHbrated. No model has yet been developed that can be proven to give accurate predictions of... 

This is a subroutine that calculates an evaporation rate from a pool of spilled liquid in presence of wind (ORG-40), or in still air (TP-10). It was developed by the U.S. Array for downwind hazard prediction following release from smoke munitions and chemical agents. The code calculates the evaporation rate of a liquid pool, given the physical stale variables, wind speed, and diameter of pool. ORG-40 and TP-10 models are coded as a Fortran 77 subroutine, EVAP4.FOR, in D2PC. The user s manual is Whiiacre (1987). 

Iman, R. L. and M. J. Shortencarrier, 1984, A FORTRAN 77 Program and User s Guide for the Generation of Latin Hypercube and Random Samples for Use with Computer Model, NUREG/CR-3624, March. 

The program can solve both steady-state problems as well as time-dependent problems, and has provisions for both linear and nonlinear problems. The boundary conditions and material properties can vary with time, temperature, and position. The property variation with position can be a straight line function or or a series of connected straight line functions. User-written Fortran subroutines can be used to implement more exotic changes of boundary conditions, material properties, or to model control systems. The program has been implemented on MS DOS microcomputers, VAX computers, and CRAY supercomputers. The present work used the MS DOS microcomputer implementation. 

For convenience, only four stages were used in this model. An iterative solution is required for the bubble point calculations and this is based on the half-interval method. A FORTRAN subroutine EQUIL, incorporated in the ISIM program, estimates the equilibrium conditions for each plate. The iteration routine was taken from Luyben and Wenzel (1988). The program runs very slowly. 

HSPF. The Hydrologic Simulation Program (FORTRAN) ( 1, 42) is based on the Stanford Watershed Model. Version 7 of HSPF incorporates the process models of SERATRA in its aquatic section, with several (user-selectable) options for sediment transport computations. HSPF includes the generation of transformation products, each of which is in turn subject to volatilization, phototransformation, biolysis, etc. 

The automated pesticide runoff model consists of a set of FORTRAN programs which calculate the amount of pesticide runoff from input of river basin data, rainfall data, pesticide characteristics, and application data. Table I shows the input requirements for the SWRRB model. Table II shows the output data from the SWRBB model. 

The automated EXAMS model consists of a set of FORTRAN programs which calculates the fate, exposure and dissipation of the chemical from input environmental data such as 1) Global parameters (rainfall, irradiance, latitude), 2) Biological parameters (biomass, bacterial counts, chlorophyll), 3) Depths and in-lows, 4) Sediment characteristics, 5) Wind, 6) Evaporation, 7) Aeration, 8) Advective and turbulent interconnections, 9) Water flow, 10) Sediment flow, 11) pH and pOH, and 12) Temperature. Also characteristics of the chemical are taken into account such as hydrolysis photolysis, oxidation, biolysis, and volatility. 

An Instron Tensile Tester Model TM was Interfaced to a micro-computer for data collection and transmission to a minicomputer. A FORTRAN program was developed to allow data analysis by the minicomputer. The program generates stress-strain curves from the raw data, calculates physical parameters, and produces reports and plots. 

The Engineer and Formulator programs were written in FORTRAN 77 on a Data General MV/8000 running under AOS/VS. The Operator program was written in FORTRAN V on a Data General Model 10/SP using RDOS. 

For optimization tools linked to procedural models, note that reliable and efficient automatic differentiation tools are available that link to models written, say, in FORTRAN and C, and calculate exact first (and often second) derivatives. Examples of these include ADIFOR, ADOL-C, GRESS, Odyssee, and PADRE. When used with care, these can be applied to existing procedural models and, when linked to modern NLP and MINLP algorithms, can lead to powerful optimization capabilities. More information on these and other automatic differentiation tools can be found at http //www-unix.mcs.anl.gov/ autodiff/ADTools/. 

The adaptive parameters in the model were estimated by nonlinear and multiresponse regression, performed using the Fortran subroutine BURENL23 based... 

Fortran, C/C++, Visual Basic, or Delphi. The user provides the model coded as a corresponding subroutine or function. 

Steward s algorithm, thus, can help locate errors in formulating a model of a process by identifying the set of equations that contains improperly specified design variables or parameters. The fortran program listed in Appendix A prints out the equation numbers in the subset that contains fewer variables than equations when an output set cannot be found. 

Glarborg, P., Kee, R.J., Grcar, J.F., and Miller, J.A., PSR A Fortran Program for Modeling Well-Stirred Reactors, Sandia National Laboratories Report 86-8209, 1986. 

Kee, R. J., Great, J. F., Smooke, M. D., and Miller, J. A., A Fortran Program for Modeling Steady Laminar One-Dimensional Premixed Flames, Sandia Report, SAND85-8240, (1985). 

Again, this model requires a knowledge of fortran. 

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