Technical skill

With the smallest heating boilers or low volume/low pressure steam producers, water treatment service companies tend to promote easy-to-understand programs, typically based on only one or two multiple-component, blended chemical products (multiblends or one-drum treatments), or increasingly, the novel crystalline solid concentrates (solid water treatment). These customers often have only very limited, water-related, in-house technical skills, and multiblend product programs will seem attractive because they are relatively easy to apply. However, the blending process makes it notoriously difficult to control individual component reserves in the boiler and generally adds considerably to the overall program costs. 

For smaller chemical volume consumers, especially those with little in the way of in-house BW treatment technical skills, the overall program costs can be relatively high. This typically is due to the disproportionately high requirement for on-site technical service time (including the travel time to and from a customer s site) compared to the volumes of chemical treatment sold. Travel and on-site time is expensive. Typically, the cost of labor and technical service is two to three times the cost of the chemical raw materials used to provide treatments. 

Perspectives on the field of NMR of iron-sulfur proteins are those common to the broader field of NMR of diamagnetic proteins, with a particular need for high technical skills. For some applications, new experiments/protocols tailored for the study of paramagnetic systems such as those described here will probably have to be designed and... 

Historically, viscosity measurements have been the single most important method to characterize fluids in petroleum-producing applications. Whereas the ability to measure a fluid s resistance to flow has been available in the laboratory for a long time, a need to measure the fluid properties at the well site has prompted the development of more portable and less sophisticated viscosity-measuring devices [1395]. These instruments must be durable and simple enough to be used by persons with a wide range of technical skills. As a result, the Marsh funnel and the Fann concentric cylinder, both variable-speed viscometers, have found wide use. In some instances, the Brookfield viscometer has also been used. 

SAS Technical Support 297 SAS Users Groups 297 SAS Manuals and Online Documentation 297 SAS Press 298 Community Pages at SAS 298 Third-Party SAS Web Pages 298 Useful Technical Skills 299 Scripting 299... 

Method is based on the Greek term methodos meaning way towards something or way or process of examination. A method can be defined as systematic approach with respect to means and objectives that leads to technical skills in soling theoretical and practical tasks." Methods and methodological approaches are characteristic for scientific work and solution of theoretical as well as practical problems. Primary decision support method categories are shown in fig. 22 (Specker 2001, p.39) reviewed by Nienhaus (2005) reference, simulation, optimization as well as analysis and visualization. 

The particle diameter and pore size of the silica gel materials depend on the concentration of silicic acid, the pH, the solvent and mixing conditions, and the reaction temperature. Technical skill is necessary for reproducible large-scale synthesis. 

When asked if there is a need to increase the representation of African Americans in chemistry, especially in the context of the supply and demand debate, 98% of the interviewees answered affirmatively. Most interviewees cited the following reasons (1) untapped talent pool (2) need for the acquisition of technical skills to be competitive in the twenty-first century workforce (3) highly respected field (4) future leaders for a global economy (5) need for a critical mass to serve as more diversity and (6) need for mentors and role models. Illustrative comments are presented below. 

Of particular note is liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) detection. LC/M S technology is a critical technique for DMPK studies due to its ability to analyze samples with very high sensitivity and specificity particularly within complex mixtures. It is not uncommon to find LC/MS based sample analysis residing within its own functional department due to the specialized facility requirements and technical skills of the operators. Additionally with LC/MS instrumentation becoming lower cost and simpler to operate, they are also becoming a workhorse... 

Sufficiency of disclosure is a more straightforward requirement. Sufficient technical detail must be provided in the patent application such that somebody of ordinary technical skill in the area could reproduce/repeat the innovation. Utility or industrial applicability is the last major prerequisite to patenting. This simply means that the innovation must have some applied use. 

Another dilemma for the management of the anal5d ical laboratory is the estabhshment of a QA auditor who is separate from the study director. In smaller laboratories, the president or laboratory director may be the only individual with broad-based technical skills. This person would be defined as management, however, and as such, cannot act as a study director or QA auditor. The GLP advisories are very clear in establishing that even in a very small contract laboratory, the study director and QA auditor must be separate, with each reporting to management. 

A survey of computer use in university courses has been carried out by Miles and Francis 149). Due to poor response rate of a Web-based questionnaire, the findings were skewed toward those faculty members who were using computers in their course. The most widely used application among the respondents was the spreadsheet, while the use of molecular modeling, and symbolic mathematics software lagged behind. The authors recommended that teachers should develop more computer-based activities, exploit fully the Web resources, and transfer effectively technical skills. They also provided a list of relevant Web sites, but in the time elapsed since that publication, the currently available Web material must be greatly enhanced, both in terms of number of materials available and in terms of quality of content. 

Employees need job-specific training in environment, SOPs, safety, GMP regulations and awareness, and technical skills. The training plan should ensure a systematic approach to develop and implement competency-based training for all programs and materials. 

A requisite for the selection process is having sufficient staff with the appropriate technical skills to select the appropriate drugs (Cohen 2003). Ideally, skills should encompass usage of evidence-based resources, critical evaluation of evidence, and knowledge of adverse drug reactions, "morbidity profile shifts", and pharmacoeconomic evaluations. Usually, physicians and pharmacists fill this role, along with other relevant local consultants (Cohen 2003). 

Read a bibliography of an historical figure you admire. Rate the person on his or her (1) character, (2) interpersonal dealings, (3) communications ability, (4) organizational capability, (5) balance between family and work, (6) technical skills, and (7) leadership ability. List a single anecdote from the person s life that is most telling of his or her nature as a person. 

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