Spectroscopy Scanning Electron

Ion beam spectrochemical analysis Auger emission spectroscopy Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) Electron microprobe (EMPA) Particle-induced X-ray emission spectroscopy (PIXE)... [Pg.154]

The samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy [2] and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). [Pg.178]

Lindner et al. carried out detailed studies on the use of the sol-gel procedure to obtain new materials as suitable matrices [45]. A co-condensation of Si(OR)4, Si(OR)3-spacer-Si(OR)3 and Si(OR)3-spacer-ligand resulted in new hybrid materials, the properties of which strongly depended upon the spacer and the ratio of the different components used. Most of these materials were characterised with IR, EXAFS, and EDX spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and solid state NMR spectroscopy. Solid state 31P NMR was used to quantify the mobility of the interphases the changes in line-... [Pg.55]

LB films prepared from ironfUI) stearate, transferred to solid substrates, dried, exposed to hydrochloric add in a desiccator, and subsequently exposed to pyrrole vapor Absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and conductivity measurements Lateral conductivity as high as t.25 S cm" was measured 123... [Pg.218]

Adsorption (Chemical Engineering) Batch Processing Catalysis, Homogeneous Catalysis, Industrial Electrochemistry Infrared Spectroscopy Mossbauer Spectroscopy Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Raman Spectroscopy Scanning Electron Microscopy Surface Chemistry... [Pg.127]

The use of photoresists to cover most of the metal surface and isolate individual pits has made possible detailed analysis of these entities, varying in radius from around 0.1 to 5 pm. The methods of examination include Auger spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray dispersive analysis, and atomic force microscopy (Ke and Alkyre, 1995). [Pg.217]

Frictional Force Microscopy Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy scanning electron microscope surface force apparatus Secondary ion mass spectroscopy scanning tunneling microscope X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy bovine serum albumin immunoglobulin G... [Pg.381]

Low tenperature isotropic (LTI) pyrolytic carbon has been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Both silicon-alloyed and unalloyed carbons were studied, in both as-deposited and polished (finished) forms. The polished materials contain significant amounts of surface oxygen. Approximately 1 in 10 of the carbon atoms in the surface volume analyzed by XPS are... [Pg.402]

Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy Scanning electron microscopy Secondary ion mass spectroscopy Single crystal X-ray diffraction Small angle X-ray and neutron scattering Spark source mass spectrometry Transmission electron microscopy Voltametry... [Pg.116]

Analytical techniques commonly used to check for solid-state characteristics include melting point (including hot-stage microscopy), solid-state infrared spectroscopy, x-ray powder diffraction, thermal analysis (e.g., differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential thermal analysis), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). [Pg.399]

To identify nanoparticles there are several analytical techniques, including crystalline nature, surface plasmon resonance, size, shape, stability, nature, etc., which was done by various analytical instruments, such as UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive analysis, zeta potential, etc. These are mostly used for analysis of synthesized nanoparticles, which helps us to study crystalline nature, functional groups, and morphological studies, and to identify its stability. [Pg.469]

For deposition of hydrophobic coatings, a mixture of CHVHe gases was used in the plasma. Superhydrophobic coatings were created with a Cp4/H2/He plasma. The deposited coatings were analyzed with PM-RAIRS, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM, JEOL 6700 F - FESEM), atomicforce microscopy (AFM, Molecular Imaging SPM microscope with RHK controllers), ellipsometiy, and water contact angle measurements. [Pg.325]

The segregation phenomena in V-Sb-0 catalyst for selective propylene oxidation to acrolein were studied by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with EDS, as well as electron and X-ray diffraction. The vanadium antimonate crystals were found to be a main component of the catalyst. It was stated that epitaxial layers of antimony tetroxide on the base faces of vanadium antimonate crystals, exposing (010) plane, were responsible for high catalyst selectivity. [Pg.737]

Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy imaging (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). [Pg.90]

The Ag- -PAM products can be proved by various analytical tools. The mostly used confirmation techniques for grafting are intrinsic viscosity measurements, molecular weight determination (MW), FTIR spectroscopy, UV spectroscopy, scanning electron... [Pg.57]

Different methods were widely used for the study of fundamental structure and dynamics properties of conductive polymers optical and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron miCToscopy (SEM), chromatography, dc and alternating current (ac) conductometry, microwave dielectrometry, Faraday balance and alternating force magnetometry, and thermoelectric power. As the electronic properties of... [Pg.308]

As a soluble calcium salt, calcium metaborate can be easily and uniformly dispersed in nickel electrodes. The effects of calcium metaborate on the nickel electrode have been investigated via a combination of cyclabihty, capacity retention, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. [Pg.111]

Binuclear cobalt phthalocyaninehexasulfonate sodium salt (BiCoPc), Fig. 11a, was adsorbed on didodecyldimethylammonium bromide and ordered mesoporous carbon (DDAB/OMC) film by ion exchange [47], see Fig. 11b. The composite film was characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electrochemical methods. OMC was used to promote BiCoPc charge... [Pg.238]

Starch and its blends have attracted much attention as environmentally biodegradable polymers (29-31). However they suffer fi-om disadvantages as compared with conventional polymers and blends such as brittleness and a narrow processability window (32). The thermal behavior and phase morphology of starch-blend systems have been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy solvent extraction. X-ray diffraction, optical rotation, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and polarizing optical microscopy (33-36). Like polymer blends wide applications starch-based blends have the potential to be... [Pg.322]

Recently, Liu and his groups combined XRD, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electronic microscopy/transmission electronic microscopy, AFM, and computer simulations, to examine the hierarchical structures of both silkworm and spider silks [34-36]. [Pg.213]