Vapors, absorption

Dohanyosova, P., Fenclova, D., Vrbka, P., Dohnal, V. (2001) Measurement of aqueous solubility of hydrophobic volatile organic compounds by solute vapor absorption technique toluene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, and butylbenzene at temperatures from 273 K to 328 K../. Chem. Eng. Data 46, 1533-1539. 

Skin Contact Wash skin at once to remove cyanide while removing all contaminated clothing including shoes do not delay Skin absorption can take place from cyanide dust, solutions, or hydrogen cyanide vapor. Absorption is slower than with inhalation, often measured in minutes rather than seconds (AC or HCN is absorbed much faster than metal cyanides from solutions such as sodium, potassium or copper cyanide solutions). After going though decontamination on the victim(s), watch him or her for at least one to two hours, if possible, since absorbed cyanide can continue to work into the blood stream. As a final note, wash clothing before reuse, and destroy contaminated shoes. 

LB films prepared from TCNQ octadecyl-dimethylsulfonium, octadecyl-methyl-ethyl-sulfonium, and octadecyl-trimethyl-phosphonium salts, transferred to substrates, and exposed to iodine vapor Absorption, infrared spectra, and ESR spectra Lateral d.c. conductivity was estimated (from energy of the maximum of the charge transfer absorption band) to be about 20-50 Scm-1 731, 732, 733... 

LB films prepared from ironfUI) stearate, transferred to solid substrates, dried, exposed to hydrochloric add in a desiccator, and subsequently exposed to pyrrole vapor Absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and conductivity measurements Lateral conductivity as high as t.25 S cm" was measured 123... 

A. Bauer, M. Godon, J. Carleer, and Q. Ma. Water vapor absorption... 

Other related work in surface area was the phosporic acid-dichromate oxidation of coke by Riley. In an early paper (2), on the basis of reaction rates on different particles sizes, Riley suggested that coke smaller than 60 mesh had no available internal area. Later (1) Riley reversed himself and suggested that different cokes had different amounts of available internal area. In this paper both vapor absorptions and reactivity measurements were made on different cokes. However, no correlation was found between these two items. 

Recently, Honda and Hirose (13), on the basis of Riley s experiments on coke, suggested that the available internal area of coal in a phosphoric acid-dichromate oxidation should be proportional to the internal area of the coal as determined by a vapor absorption. 

In a vapor-absorption refrigeration system, there are no moving parts. The added energy comes from a gas or liquid fuel burner or from an electrical heater, as heat. rather than from a compressor, as work. See Fig. 2. The refrigerant used in this example is ammonia gas. which is liberated from a water solution and transported from one region to another by the aid of hydrogen, The total pressure throughout the system is constant and therefore no valves axe needed. 

Hancock, B. C. and G. Zogra. 1993. The use of solution theories for predicting water vapor absorption by amorphous pharmaceutical solids a test of the Flory-Huggins and Vrentas rriddefso. Res.10 1262-1267. 

Figure 12 under the counter-flow mode at 0.5 A/cm2. The index with the MPL is larger than that without the MPL for an index of 0-1 as depicted in Fig. 12. This result also shows that the MPL enhances water back-transport from the cathode side to the anode side. However, when the index is negative, meaning that the internal water circulation from the anode channel to the cathode channel, the index with the MPL is slightly higher than the index without the MPL. Therefore, the MPL at the cathode suppressed water vapor absorption at the anode, which is explainable by membrane hydration attributable to the MPL at the cathode. Consequently, the MPL promotes membrane hydration, leading less internal water circulation from the anode to the cathode side.

Water vapor absorption The cast polymer solution is placed in a humid atmosphere. Water vapor absorption causes the film to precipitate... 

Precipitation of the cast liquid polymer solution to form the anisotropic membrane can be achieved in several ways, as summarized in Table 3.1. Precipitation by immersion in a bath of water was the technique discovered by Loeb and Souri-rajan, but precipitation can also be caused by absorption of water from a humid atmosphere. A third method is to cast the film as a hot solution. As the cast film cools, a point is reached at which precipitation occurs to form a microporous structure this method is called thermal gelation. Finally, evaporation of one of the solvents in the casting solution can be used to cause precipitation. In this technique the casting solution consists of a polymer dissolved in a mixture of a volatile good solvent and a less volatile nonsolvent (typically water or alcohol). When a film of the solution is cast and allowed to evaporate, the volatile good solvent evaporates first, the film then becomes enriched in the nonvolatile nonsolvent, and finally precipitates. Many combinations of these processes have also been developed. For example, a cast film placed in a humid atmosphere can precipitate partly because of water vapor absorption but also because of evaporation of one of the more volatile components. 

Figure 3.18 Schematic of casting machine used to make microporous membranes by water vapor absorption. A casting solution is deposited as a thin film on a moving stainless steel belt. The film passes through a series of humid and dry chambers, where the solvent evaporates from the solution, and water vapor is absorbed. This precipitates the polymer, forming a microporous membrane that is taken up on a collection roll [45]...

Figure 3.19 Characteristic structure of a phase-separation membrane made by water vapor absorption and solvent evaporation. (Courtesy of Millipore Corporation, Billerica, MA)...

Rubber, vulcanized Determination of the effect of liquids Standard test method for rubber property-effect of liquids Standard test method for rubber property Change in length during liquid immersion Determination of the behavior of rubbers and elastomers when exposed to fluids and vapors Determination of the effect of liquids Determination of equilibrium water vapor absorption... 

Bayley, M., and M. Holmstrup (1999). Water vapor absorption in arthropods by accumulation of myo-inositol and glucose. Science 285 1909-1911. 

Water vapor absorption into polyvinylpyrrolidone solids was found to obey the BET equation. The following absorption data were obtained. Calculate the values of q° and b. 

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