Solubility aqueous

Solubility, aqueous Solubility coefficient Solubility coefficients Solubility diagrams Solubility parameter Solubility parameters Solubility products... 

Screenable inks have a resin or polymer base and are of three types organic solvent soluble, aqueous alkah soluble, and permanent. Primarily because of pollution requirements and higher solvent costs, the aqueous types have come into greater use. The permanent types are used as solder masks or for marking the boards. Uv-curable inks are also in use. 

The Carbitol (monoethyl ether of diethylene glycol) was the Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Company product, which was distilled before use, b.p. 192-196°. It is a suitable solvent to render the reactants mutually soluble. Aqueous alkali with an ether solution of the nitrosamide does not yield diazomethane. 

The basic purpose of the hydrophile is to confer solubility (aqueous solubility is always to be understood unless otherwise stated). The simple moieties most often employed are as follows ... 

Rapid-acting cytotoxin that disrupts cell membranes in the liver (hepatoxin) causing an accumulation of blood in the liver. It is the most toxic of the Microcystins. It is a solid obtained from freshwater blue-green cyanobacteria (Microcystis aeruginosa, Microcystis cyanea). It is heat stable and water soluble. Aqueous solutions are "probably stable" and resistant to chlorine at 100 ppm. It is also soluble in alcohol and acetone. 

Lignin is water-insoluble and it contains only a few hydrophilic functionalities (primarily the phenolic groups). In order to increase its solubility, aqueous pulping processes therefore seek either to introduce water solubilising groups, or to reduce the degree of polymerisation or both. 

The medium selected for the dissolution test must consider the drug solubility. Aqueous media with a typical plT range between 1 and 7 to mimic the human gastrointestinal tract are preferred over organic solvents. The operating parameters of the dissolution setting should be optimized to ensure complete dissolution. ... 

Solubilities and Aqueous Activity Coefficients of Organic Liquids Solubilities and Aqueous Activity Coefficients of Organic Solids Solubilities and Aqueous Activity Coefficients of Organic Gases Illustrative Example 5.1 Deriving Liquid Aqueous Solubilities, Aqueous Activity Coefficients, and Excess Free Energies in Aqueous Solution from Experimental Solubility Data... 

Chapter 5 5.1 Deriving Liquid Aqueous Solubilities, Aqueous Activity Coefficients, and Excess Free Energies in Aqueous Solution from Experimental Solubility Data... 

The reactions with the surface hydroxyls are considered analogous to the formation of soluble aqueous complexes. 

Fritz, J. (1982), Solubility of Cuprous Chloride in Various Soluble Aqueous Chlorides , J. Chem. Eng. Data, 27,188-193. 

Theberge, S.M., and Luther III, GW. (1997) Determination of electrochemical properties of a soluble aqueous FeS species present in sulfidic solutions. Aquat. Geochem. 3, 191-211. 

A chemical with a low indicates that it has high water solubility, aqueous mobility and is not susceptible to bioaccumulation, accumulation, or sorption to solids but is susceptible to biodegradation and metabolism by plants and animals. 

The solubility of AgCl is therefore sufficient to give [Ag(NH3)2]Cl on treatment with aqueous ammonium carbonate, while AgBr dissolves only in aqueous ammonia, in which Agl is poorly soluble. Aqueous pyridine and substituted pyridines form [Ag(py)]+ and [Ag(py)2]+ ions, but in non-aqueous conditions tetrahedral complexes, such as [Ag(py)4]C104, may be obtained. The tetrahedral acetonitrile adduct [Ag(NCMe)4]+ is also known and is quite stable. There are a number of argen-tate(I) complexes, such as [Ag(NCO)2] and [Ag(ON02)2]- they are linear, with 2-coordinate Ag+.4 Linear coordination is also found in the tetrameric silver amide [Ag N(SiMe3)2 ]4.5... 

The compound dissolves in water and is very soluble. Aqueous solutions (pH = 4 to 7) undergo acid hydrolysis slowly at room temperature, the violet-red solution becoming... 

Softness, 8, 361, 426 Solubility, aqueous, 400 Solubility and transfer free energy,... 

Both of these objectives are achievable provided the delivery (transport) properties of the drug are improved while maintaining its biological activity in vivo. In this context, the parent drug properties, such as lipid solubility, aqueous solubility, partition coefficient, and chemical and metabolic stability, are optimized, often in a balanced combination. 

The user enters all known data on the solubility (aqueous and non-aqueous), stability in specified solutions, compatibility, pAia, and molecular properties of the active ingredient (molecular weight, log/, etc.). As with the system for tablet formulation, the data may be numerical or symbolic. All relevant properties of additives used in parenteral formulation (e.g., buffers, antioxidants, chelating agents, antimicrobials, and tonicity adjusters) are present in the knowledge base. 

Obviously, the solvent should be as pure as possible. Even the presence of dissolved oxygen may pose problems as it reacts with radical intermediates and is reduced at the auxiliary electrode to form hydroxide during the polymerization process. There is a major attraction in the use of pyrrole over other heterocyclics because this monomer is water soluble. Aqueous solvents are preferred to organic solvents from the point of view of cost, ease of handling, safety, and the range of counterions that can be used. 

A preformulation package provides essential information on the physicochemical properties of the drug, such as pKa, aqueous solubility, aqueous stability, light stability, and lipophilicity (this may predict potential for binding to plastic/rubber pump components). The pK s of any ionisable groups are particularly important as they affect stability, solubility and lipophilicity and should indicate the optimum pH for the nasal solution. For physiological reasons, formulated products are usually in the range of pH 4.0-7.4. 

Osmarins are extremely soluble aqueous solutions containing up to 10% osmarin were used for solution density, partial specific volume, and viscosity measurements. The effect of the dissolved polymer upon the viscosity of the liquid is slight, even at the extreme concentration studied, indicating that, in aqueous solution, the polymers are generally spherical in shape. 

Qualitative observations on the nature of the soluble aqueous species present in sulfate solutions indicate that sulfate complexes are much more stable than perchlorate, chloride or nitrate complexes (383). Electromigration studies at SO4 Zr ratios greater than 1 1 show that anionic sulfate complexes are formed (384). In spite of complexing by sulfate, hydrolysis does occur (4S4) and metal polymeric hydroxy species are formed (393) in 0.006 M zirconium solutions. 

Based on pH profiles of solubility, aqueous solutions can be prepared by adjusting the pH with a suitable acid or base in... 

Ammonia is widely used as a refrigerant, a fertilizer, and a household and commercial cleaning agent. Anhydrous ammonia (NH3) is a highly irritating gas that is very water-soluble. Aqueous solutions of ammonia may be strongly alkaline, depending on the concentration. Solutions for household use are usually 5-10% ammonia, but commercial solutions may be 25-30% or more. The addition of ammonia to chlorine or hypochlorite solutions will produce chloramine gas, an irritant with properties similar to those of chlorine (see p 162). 

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