Free transfer

Thennal equilibrium means free transfer (exchange) of energy in the fonn of heat, mechanical (liydrostatic) equilibrium means free transfer of energy in the fonn of pressure-volume work, and material equilibrium means free transfer... 

Scheme 2.4 Experimental evidence in support of the mechanism for the base-free transfer hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds catalysed by complex 43...

In HTS, the dispensing function stands for a repetitive unidirectional transport of equal volume aliquots from one (or a few) reservoirs to a series of wells in a plate. Dispensers enable the contact-free transfer of assay reagents and biological materials without immersion of the dispensing nozzle into the liquid in the target well. Contact-free dispensing is based on a fast ejection of a liquid jet through a nozzle... 

Fraefel C, Song S, Lim F, Lang P, Yu L, Wang Y, Wild P, Geller AI (1996) Helper virus-free transfer of herpes simplex virus type 1 plasmid vectors into neural cells. J Virol 70 7190-7197. 

For a discussion of the relative costs involved in the different markets, see Steven Pearlstein Jerry Knight, Banks Lose Out Ts Depositors Go Elsewhere Many Options Available for Saving, Borrowing, Investing, Wash. Post, Aug. 22, 1993, at Al Mitchell A. Post, The Evolution of The U.S. Commercial Paper Market Since 1980, 78 Fed. Res. Bull. 879 (1992). Capital market rates are usually lower because the large number of investors, as well as the free transferability of the securities, act as inherent risk spreaders. 

Table 6.3 A selection of the metal-free transfer hydrogenations performed under high temperature and pressure.

A special feature of this system is the gas-phase sampling by an effusive molecular beam leading to a collision-free transfer of the sample into the analysis chamber. Liquid nitrogen cooled traps in the differential pumping stage and around the ion source of the TOF-MS serve to ensure for a low background. " ... 

Figure 3.2. Different methods of gas sampling during thin-film deposition using a continuous gas stream (supersonic expansion, on the left) and effusion (on the right) the broken line indicates the different sampling volumes with collision-free transfer into the analysis chamber.

Special-purpose assembly systems are machines bnilt to assemble a specific prodncf. They consist of a transfer device with single-pnrpose work heads and feeders at the varions workstations. The transfer device can operate on a synchronons indexing principle or on a free-transfer nonsynchronous principle. 

Yang JW, Fonseca MTH, List B (2004) A Metal-Free Transfer Hydrogenation Organocatalytic Conjugate Reduction of a,P-Unsaturated Aldehydes. Angew Chem Int Ed 43 6660... 

The key idea is to use the Youla parameterization of all closed-loop systems which is affine in a free transfer matrix, and to optimize the free parameter for convex performance criteria. Each relationship between the external signals w(.s) and the external output z s) which is attainable by a stabilizing controller can be described as ... 

The filled sacks are conveyed, by the shortest possible routes, to the despatch loading bays. The number of transfer points from one one belt conveyor to another should also be as few as possible, for at each transfer the sack receives a jolt, causing its contents to shift over to one side. As a result the sacks become somewhat lopsided in thickness and more difficult to stack. Arrangements to achieve smooth jolt-free transfer from one belt to the next will avoid abrupt changes in level, e.g., by means of curved transition belts. 

The group of Prof. McGehee in Stanford offers a free transfer matrix modelling code on their homepage. The code is available in Matlab and Python and contains a database with the complex refractive indices of common materials of relevance for photovoltaics. More information is available on http //www.stanford.edu/group/ mcgehee/transfermatrix/ (accessed 3/1/2013). 

Morre DJ, Penel C, Morre DM, Sandelius AS, Moreau P, Andersson B. Cell-free transfer and sorting of membrane lipids in spinach. Protoplasma 1991 160 49-64. 

Sturbois B, Moreau P, Maneta-Peyret L, Morre DJ, Cassagne C. Cell-free transfer of phospholipids between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus of leek seedlings. Biochim Biophys Acta 1994 1189 31-37. 

Morre DJ, Morre JT, Morre SR, Simdqvist C, Sandelius AS. Chloroplast biogenesis Cell-free transfer of monogalactosylglycerides to thylakoids. Biochim Biophys Acta 1991 1070 437-445. 

Intermittent synchronous/indexing (moved with a fixed cycle time) or non-synchronous/free-transfer (moved as required or when operation/assembly completed by operator) using in-line or rotary systems. 

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