Sexual activities

Drowsiness, sedation dizziness, headache, fatigue that tends to diminish within 4—6 weeks, dry mouth, constipation, impotence, decreased sexual activity... 

Although nitrite use was initially described among homosexual men who used nitrites in the context of sexual activity, more recently their use has expanded to include heterosexuals. Currently, in addition to being used as sexual enhancers, nitrites are frequently used in combination with amphetamines and ecstasy to accompany high energy dance and music among young... 

In parts of the world (sub-Sahran African and southern and South-East Asia) the ADDS pandemic is out of control, with no effective chemotherapeutic agents and little prospect of a vaccine the prognoses are bleak for the millions of HIV-infected individuals. Sexual intercourse is now the main mode of infection and if the pandemic is to be contained, sexually active individuals have to be persuaded to reduce the niunbers of their sex partners and to practise safe sex using condoms. 

Phytoestrogens have also been shown to have behavioural effects in rodents including increases in sexual activity (Patisaul et al, 2001) and a reversal of sex-specific behaviours (Lund et al, 2001 Flynn et al, 2000). In rodents, the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (SDN-POA) is located in the hypothalamic region of the brain. This area of the brain controls... 

Their conclusions were that the compound 3. 3,4-dehydro-ero-brevicomin (DB) was capable of inter- and intra-sexual activity (see Chap. 7), but only if present in the (R, / -configuration, while its partner compound 4., 2-sec-butyldihydrothiazole (BT), was probably racemised in situ. The DB signal is required in a correct stereochemical form but the thiazolines activity in urine is not affected by a particular chirality (Novotny et al., 1995). 

BC, a 22-year-old woman, was diagnosed 2 years ago with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. She has been treated with valproate 1500 mg/day. Since starting valproate she has gained 45 pounds (20.5 kg), continues to have occasional myoclonic jerks, had a generalized tonic-clonic seizure 3 months ago, and is sexually active. Additionally, she complains of easily falling asleep during the day. Due to adverse effects, poor seizure control, and the risk of birth defects with valproate, the decision is made to switch to a different antiepileptic drug. 

Abused drugs generally produce pleasant effects that are desired by the user. However, while most individuals will experience these pleasant effects, not everyone abuses these drugs, and not everyone who abuses them becomes dependent on them. Why some persons abuse drugs while most people do not is a complex area of research. It appears that genetic, environmental, and cultural factors may all interact to predispose some individuals to substance abuse and subsequent dependence. The initial hedonic experiences secondary to use of drugs appear to be primarily due to their ability to activate the primary reward circuits in the brain. These same reward circuits operate under normal circumstances to reinforce certain activities that promote survival, such as food, social affiliation, or sexual activity. 

Exposure to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is also a concern for women who are sexually active. It is estimated that 15 million people in the United States become newly infected annually with an STD.5 Given that not all methods of contraception protect the user adequately against STDs, the provision of proper patient education by health care professionals regarding this risk is absolutely essential. 

Personal preference plays a large role when determining the best contraceptive option. For instance, if a woman is not interested in using a method that will interrupt sexual activity, then a diaphragm would not be appropriate. Preference of the sexual partner may be important as well. Certain agents such as male condoms require the male partner to play an active role in contraception. 

RC, a 22-year-old woman, presents to your clinic requesting information on contraception. You begin to take a history and determine that the patient is currently sexually active and is not using any method of birth control. Her past medical history is significant only for acne, and she takes no medications except occasional ibuprofen for menstrual cramps. On further questioning, you discover that she has a positive family history for hypertension and coronary artery disease. As you begin to discuss various contraceptive options with the patient, it is clear that she has a preference for an oral contraceptive agent. 

Sexually active females should have a pelvic examination to screen for sexually transmitted diseases. 

A thorough medical history with emphasis on cardiac disease must be taken before starting any treatment for ED to assess for ability to safely perform sexual activity and to assess for possible drug interactions. 

The most dramatic difference between the three agents is tadalahl s extended duration of action, earning it the nickname the weekender drug. While sildenafil and vardenafil have average half-lives of 3 to 4 hours, tadalafil s half life is approximately 18 hours.18 The extended half-life allows for more spontaneous sexual activity over a couple of days, but may increase the duration of adverse effects and liklihood of drug interactions or sildenafil. 

Moderate risk Has three or more risk factors for coronary artery disease Has moderate, stable angina Had a recent myocardial infarction or stroke within the past 6 weeks Has moderate congestive heart failure (NYHA Class 2) Fbtient should undergo a complete cardiovascular work-up and treadmill stress testing to determine tolerance to increased myocardial energy consumption associated with increased sexual activity... 

Decreased libido If the patient is sexually active, sexual counseling may be helpful... 

Hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis is associated with gonococcal infections in sexually active patients. The causative agents are Neisseria gonorrhoeae or N. meningitidis. Prompt work-up and treatment is required, as corneal perforation occurs in 10% of cases within 48 hours.12 An ophthalmologist should complete a conjunctival scraping and susceptibility testing.10... 

Student in ninth grade. Denies alcohol or drug use. Is sexually active. 

A 28-year-old female presents to her primary care physician s office with complaints of painful urination and frequent need to urinate which began 2 days ago. She denies vomiting, fever, nausea, or flank pain. Upon questioning she does admit that she is sexually active with only one partner and uses spermicidal jelly. 

BV has been found in 12% to 25% of women in routine clinic populations, 10% to 26% of women in obstetrics clinics, and 32% to 64% of women in clinics for STIs. BV infection usually results from sexual activity, although some cases have been reported in women who are not sexually active. 

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) usually affects young, sexually active, reproductive-age women. In the majority of cases, the pathogens responsible are C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae,... 

Though previous literature suggests several prevention strategies, a combination of efforts may be more advisable. Alteration in sexual behavior should undoubtedly be the first counseling concern, as promiscuous sexual activity has been shown to augment the probability of infection. 

A small percentage of male partners have penile or oral colonization of identical strains VVC is often associated with the onset of sexual activity... 

Reproduction by way of hormonal control of sexual activity, pregnancy, and lactation... 

Tagliamonte, A., Tagliamonte, P., Gessa, G. Brodie, B. (1969). Compulsive sexual activity induced by p-chlorophenylalanine in normal and pinealectomized male rats. Science 166, 1433-5. 

Excessive confidence inflated self-esteem impulsive decisions leading to reckless behaviour, poor judgement, reduced inhibitions disruptive social behaviours, such as financial extravagance, impulsive travel to exotic locations (by first-class travel, naturally) heightened sexual activity. 

Sexual communication, including species recognition, sex recognition, synchronization of sexual activity, and assessment during sexual competition... 

Acute oral LD50 for rats fed a normal protein diet (USEPA 1980) Reduced sexual activity, reduction in number of viable litters, increased rate of death of progeny prior to weaning (WHO 1984)... 

ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and direct renin inhibitors are contraindicated in sexually active girls because of potential teratogenic effect and in those who might have bilateral renal artery stenosis or unilateral stenosis in a solitary kidney. 

If the patient reports recent sexual activity, therapy for Chlamydia trachomatis should be considered (azithromycin 1 g as a single dose or doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 7 days). 

In women who experience symptomatic reinfections in association with sexual activity, voiding after intercourse may help prevent infection. Also, self-administered, single-dose prophylactic therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole taken after intercourse has been found to significantly reduce the incidence of recurrent infection in these patients. 

Ideally, vaccine should be administered before potential exposure to HPV through sexual activity however, females who are sexually active should still be vaccinated. Sexually active females who have not been infected with any of the HPV vaccine types receive the full benefit of the vaccination. Vaccination is less beneficial for females who have already been infected with one or more of the HPV vaccine types. 

In bipolar depression, patients often have mood lability, hypersomnia, low energy, psychomotor retardation, cognitive impairments, anhedo-nia, decreased sexual activity, slowed speech, carbohydrate craving, and weight gain. 

Sildenafil and vardenafil decrease systolic/diastolic blood pressure by 8 to 10/5 to 6 mm Hg for 1 to 4 hours after a dose. Although most patients are asymptomatic, multiple antihypertensives, nitrates, and baseline hypotension increase the risk of developing adverse effects. Although tadalafil does not decrease blood pressure, it should be used with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease because of the inherent risk associated with sexual activity. 

Behavioral indications Sexually active persons who are not in a long-term, mutually monogamous relationship (e.g., persons with more than 1 sex partner duringthe previous 6 months) current or recent injection-drug users and men who have sex with men. 

The results of the pilot study by Natale et al. (2004) in which mood, sleep, libido, and cognitive function were studied in 49 postmenopausal healthy women were similar. No significant differences were found in mood, wellbeing, libido, and indices of sexual activity. 

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