Cognitive function

Acetyl-i-carnitine (4) is marketed in Italy for dementia as of this writing it is also in Phase III clinical trials in the United States and Europe. In a double-blind, placebo-controUed clinical trial over a one-year period involving 130 patients with clinically diagnosed AD, a slower rate of deterioration in 13 of the 14 outcome measures was observed in the dmg-treated group (28). Earfler smaller scale pilot studies in demented patients had also shown some improvement of various behavioral and cognitive functions (29). 

Process transients and equipment failures may require workers to develop a new strategy to control the process. Detection, diagnosis, and fault-compensation are tasks in which workers may have little experience and the information needs may be different from those of familiar tasks. Again, methods of task and error analyses, particularly those concerned with human cognitive functions, may be useful in deciding what information should be displayed to help workers detect process transients, diagnose their causes and develop new strategies. 

Mohler H (2007) Molecular regulation of cognitive functions and developmental plasticity impact of GABAa receptors. Neurochem 102 1-12... 

ADHD because cognitive functions known to be affected in this disorder, namely working memory and inhibitory control, are sensitive to manipulations of D1 receptor-mediated dopamine transmission [1]. Thus, the tonic component might be more critical for the behavioral functions of the FC. 

Another theory for the action of stimulant diugs in ADHD involves effects on nonstiiatal monoamine systems. Frontal cortical dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin are clearly important in cognitive functioning and impulse control. These neurotransmitters directly modulate reward-related behaviors associated with the striatal dopamine system. Moreover, the amygdala may be pharmacologically influenced leading to enhanced... 

The nurse immediately reportsany elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level to the primary health care provider. The primary health care provider may want to continue monitoring the ALT level or discontinue use of the drug because of the danger of hepatotoxidty. However, abrupt discontinuation may cause a decline in cognitive functioning. 

Gottschalk C, Beauvais J, Hart R, et al Cognitive function and cerebral perfusion during cocaine abstinence. Am J Psychiatry 158 540-545, 2001... 

Problem solving is well known as a composite activity involving various cognitive functions that depend on the number and quality of available operative schemata in long-term memoiy (see below) and on working memory capacity (Stamovlasis ... 

Generally, anticholinesterases produce some improvement in cognitive function and the quality of life in the early stages of AzD but that needs to be balanced against side-effects. 

The effects of phytoestrogens on cognitive function have also been investigated in humans. However, the results of these studies were inconclusive. White et al, (2000) concluded that tofu consumption in midlife was associated with diminished cognitive function later in life. In contrast. File et al. (2001) reported that short-term consumption of high levels of isoflavones (100 mg/day) may improve memory. 

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