Reinforced polymer composites applications

Tang, B. (1997) Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites Application in USA http llwww.flnva.dot.gov/BRIDGE/frp/ frpl97.htm (accessed 23 July 2006). 

Though short fiber-reinforced mbber composites find application in hose, belt, tires, and automotives [57,98,133,164] recent attention has been focused on the suitability of such composites in high-performance applications. One of the most important recent applications of short fiber-mbber composite is as thermal insulators where the material will protect the metallic casing by undergoing a process called ablation, which is described in a broad sense as the sacrificial removal of material to protect stmcrnres subjected to high rates of heat transfer [190]. Fiber-reinforced polymer composites are potential ablative materials because of their high specific heat, low thermal conductivity, and ability of the fiber to retain the char formed during ablation [191-194]. 

As first described in Section 1.4.2, there are a number of ways of further classifying fiber-matrix composites, such as according to the fiber and matrix type—for example, glass-fiber-reinforced polymer composites (GFRP) or by fiber orientation. In this section, we utilize all of these combinations to describe the mechanical properties of some important fiber-reinforced composites. Again, not all possible combinations are covered, but the principles involved are applicable to most fiber-reinforced composites. We begin with some theoretical aspects of strength and modulus in composites. 

FIG. 4. Conceivable applications of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites in cars (NMT=natural fiber mat reinforced thermoplastic TP NF=natural fiber reinforced thermoplastic)... 

FIG. 5. Conceivable applications of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites in... 

This Chapter provides an overview of micro-Raman spectroscopy of CNTs and its application in studying CNT reinforced polymer composites. By choosing and presenting various important and characteristic paradigms, we intend to elucidate the usefulness of Raman scattering as a valuable tool to characterize different types of composite materials and probe the interactions between CNTs and polymer molecules. More detailed information is available in topical reviews. ... 

Good dimensional stability in reinforced polymer composites is no guarantee of chemical stability, so engineers and designers must be careful to ensure that the deleterious effects of thermal or thermo-oxidative degradation are completely understood before recommending the use of a particular material for a specific application. 

Tommek D et al (eds) (2000) Science and application of nanotubes. Kluwer, Boston MA Tong L, Mouritz AP, Bannister MK (2002) 3D Fibre reinforced polymer composites. Elsevier, Amsterdam... 

J. Holbery, D. Houston, Natural-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites In Automotive Applications, vol. 58. (Springer, Berlin, 2006), pp. 80-86... 

Njuguna J, Wambua P, Piehchowski K, Kayvantash K. Natural fibre-reinforced polymer composites and nanocomposites for automotive applications, cellulose fibers bio- and nano-polymer composites. In Kaha S, Kaith BS, Kaur 1, editors. Cellulose fibres bio- and nano-polymer composites. Berlin, Heidelberg Springer 2011. 

While thermoplastic polymers can also find applications in load bearing stmcmres, particularly for thermoplastic polymers that have very high melting temperatures, thermosetting polymers have dominated the application in load bearing, fiber reinforced polymer composite structures. Therefore, this book will focus on thermosetting polymer composites. 

Next, we will present applications of the CTH scheme in several real-world composite stractures. They arc fiber reinforced syntactic foam cored sandwich structures, sandwich stractures with a continuous fiber reinforced grid stiffened syntactic foam core, and 3-D woven fabric reinforced polymer composite structures. Of course, the core or the polymer composite is based on the same thermosetting PSMP as discussed above. 

Thostenson, E.T., Ren, Z., and Chou, T.-W. (2001) Advances in the science and technology of carbon nanotubes and their composites a review. Compos. Sci. Technol, 61 (13), 1899-1912. Holbery, J. and Houston, D. (2006) Natural-fiber-reinforced polymer composites in automotive applications. JOM, 58 (11), 80-86. 

Al-Oqla, F.M. and Sapuan, S.M. (2014) Natural fiber reinforced polymer composites in industrial applications feasibility of date palm fibers for sustainable automotive industry. / Cleaner Prod, 66, 347-354. 

In the case of natural fibre reinforced polymer composites,in 1996 this material was used for making aeroplane seats and fuel tanks. The last decade has been used widely because of biodegradability and high specific properties. Currently, nanobiofibre composites are also provided for material revolution in technical application which is taking place in the automobile and packaging industrial. 

Natural Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites and Nanocomposites for Automotive Applications... 

Mitra BC, Basak RK, Sarkar M (1998) Studies on jute-reinforced composites, its limitations and some solutions through chemical modifications of fibers. J Appl Polym Sci 67 1093-1100 Bhal NS, Singh B (1998) Potential of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites for civil engineering applications in India. In Saadatmanesh H, Ehsani M R (eds) Proceedings of... 

Chapter 5 summarizes the investigation of lignocellulosic flax fiber-based reinforcement requirements to obtain structural and complex shape polymer composites. This chapter discusses in detail the possibility of forming complex shape structural composites which are highly desirable for advanced applications. Chapter 7 focuses on the structure and properties of cellulose-based starch polymer composites, while Chapter 8 focuses on the spectroscopic analysis of rice husk and wheat gluten husk-based polymer composites using computational chemistry. Chapter 9 summarizes the processing, characterization and properties of oil palm fiber-reinforced polymer composites. In this chapter, the use of oil palm as reinforcement in different polymer matrices such as natural rubber, polypropylene, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polyester, phenol formaldehyde, polystyrene, epoxy and LLDPE is discussed. Chapter 10 also focuses on... 

It should be noted, however, that the thermal and mechanical properties of vegetable fiber reinforced polymer composites are notoriously lower than those of similar composites reinforced with synthetic fibers (e.g., carbon, glass, aramid) [1, 2,12]. The above-mentioned techniques, i.e., fiber drying and surface treatment or the addition of a compatibilizer, are mostly not enough to adjust the properties of vegetable fiber reinforced polymers to the desired level. Moreover, even though these treatments enhance adhesion, there is some controversy in the literature about their effect on the mechanical properties of the fiber itself and even when a more pronoxmced gain is noticed after treatment, the improvement for the composite is often within the scatter of the results. In addition, the cost and environmental impact of some of these treatments, especially of those more elaborated, often prevent their industrial scale applications. 

R. Li, L. Ye, and Y.W. Mai, Application of plasma technologies in fibre-reinforced polymer composites a review of recent developments. Compos. A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 28,73-86 (1997). 

This chapter has been written in order to investigate agro-residual fibers in terms of their performance as reinforcing elements for polymer composites. This study excludes agro-residual fibers which replace wood fibers as fillers or are suitable for pulping applications rather than reinforcing polymer composites due to their small dimensions. Nevertheless, several representative examples are given. The chapter is... 

Natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites have been significantly developed over the past years because of their advantages in processing, mechanical properties and biodegradability. These types of composites are predicted to have more and more applications in the near future. Adhesion and compatibility between natural fiber and polymer matrix will remain a critical issue concerning the overall properties of the composites. Hence, further research is necessary to overcome this shortcoming. Current scientific research has been focused on the selection of the most suitable materials and the optimization of all parameters. 

J. Holbery, and D. Houston, Natural-fiber-reinforced polymer composites in automotive applications. JOM 58(11), 80-86 (2006). 

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