Thermoplastics reinforced

Composites. High molecular weight PPS can be combiaed with long (0.6 cm to continuous) fiber to produce advanced composite materials (131). Such materials having PPS as the polymer matrix have been developed by usiag a variety of reinforcements, including glass, carbon, and Kevlar fibers as mat, fabric, and unidirectional reinforcements. Thermoplastic composites based on PPS have found application ia the aircraft, aerospace, automotive, appliance, and recreation markets (see Composite materials, polymer-matrix). 

Reinforced Thermoplastic Sheet. This process uses precombined sheets of thermoplastic resin and glass fiber reinforcement, cut into blanks to fit the weight and size requirements of the part to be molded. The blanks, preheated to a specified temperature, are loaded into the metal mold and the material flows under mol ding pressure to fiU the mold. The mold is kept closed under pressure until the temperature of the part has been reduced, the resin solidified, and demolding is possible. Cycle time, as with thermosetting resins, depends on the thickness of the part and the heat distortion temperature of the resin. Mol ding pressures are similar to SMC, 10—21 MPa (1500—3000 psi), depending on the size and complexity of the part. 

Eubricomp Intemallj Rubricated Reinforced Thermoplastics and Fluoropoljmer Composites, Bulletin 254—688, ICI Inc., LNP Engineered Plastics, Malvern, Pa., 1988. 

Trihydrazinotriazine (IX) Hydrazine N2,NH3 275 225 Used with high softening point polymers, e.g. polycarbonates, nylons and glass-reinforced thermoplastics. 

A wide variety of thermoplastics have been used as the base for reinforced plastics. These include polypropylene, nylon, styrene-based materials, thermoplastic polyesters, acetal, polycarbonate, polysulphone, etc. The choice of a reinforced thermoplastic depends on a wide range of factors which includes the nature of the application, the service environment and costs. In many cases conventional thermoplastic processing techniques can be used to produce moulded articles (see Chapter 4). Some typical properties of fibre reinforced nylon are given in Table 3.2. 

Tsai, S.W. and Hahn, H.T. Introduction to Composite Materials, Technomic Westport, CT (1980). Folkes, M.J. Short Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastics, Research Studies E ress, Somerset (1982). Mathews, F.L. and Rawlings, R.D. Composite Materials Engineering and Science, Chapman and Hall, London (1993). 

Titow, W.V. and Lanham, B.J, Reinforced Thermoplastics, Applied Science Publisher, 1975. Penn, W.S, GRP Technology, Maclaien, 1966. 

The formation of a fibrillar structure in TLCP blends makes the mechanical properties of this kind of composites similar to those of conventional fiber reinforced thermoplastics [11,26]. However, because the molecular orientation and fibrillation of TLCPs are generally flow-induced, the formation, distribution, and alignment of these droplets and fibers are considerably more processing-dependent. We do not know ... 

With the largest turnover, GMT is certainly the most important semi-product in the group of reinforced thermoplastics. A special production process for natural fiber-reinforced PP semi-products (NMT) has been de-... 

D. W. Clegg and A. A. Collyer, Mechanical Properties of Reinforced Thermoplastics, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, London and New York (1986). 

The method of obtaining creep data and their presentation have been described however, their application is limited to the exact same material, temperature use, stress level, atmospheric conditions, and type of test (tensile, compression, flexure) with a tolerance of 10%. Only rarely do product requirement conditions coincide with those of the test or, for that matter, are creep data available for all grades of material that may be selected by a designer. In those cases a creep test of relatively short duration such as 1000 h can be instigated, and the information can be extrapolated to the long-term needs. It should be noted that reinforced thermoplastics and thermosets display much higher resistance to creep (Chapter 2). 

Injection molding The RTPs (reinforced thermoplastics) are practically all injection molded with very fast cycles using short glass fiber producing highly automated and high performance products. The TPs used include nylons, acetals, polyethylenes, and polypropylene. Of all the RP materials used, about 55wt% represent these RTPs. 

Report 66 Reinforced Thermoplastics - Composition, Processing and Applications, RG. Kelleher, New Jersey Polymer Extension Center at Stevens Institute of Technology. 

Short fiber reinforcement of TPEs has recently opened up a new era in the field of polymer technology. Vajrasthira et al. [22] studied the fiber-matrix interactions in short aramid fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites. Campbell and Goettler [23] reported the reinforcement of TPE matrix by Santoweb fibers, whereas Akhtar et al. [24] reported the reinforcement of a TPE matrix by short silk fiber. The reinforcement of thermoplastic co-polyester and TPU by short aramid fiber was reported by Watson and Prances [25]. Roy and coworkers [26-28] studied the rheological, hysteresis, mechanical, and dynamic mechanical behavior of short carbon fiber-filled styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) block copolymers and TPEs derived from NR and high-density polyethylene (HOPE) blends. 

Campbell, J.M. and Goettler, L.A., Proc. of PRI National Conference on Short-Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics, Brunei University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, United Kingdom. Paper 14, 1985. 

LFRT Long fibre reinforced thermoplastic PFA Perfluoroalkoxy-modified... 

Wolf, H. J., Shortening of fibers in processing of fiber reinforced thermoplastics, Kunststoffe, 83, 69-72 (1993). 

Figure 15.1 Glass-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polyesters applications (numbers represent percentages) [1]...

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