Rate variables

The scale-up of conventional cake filtration uses the basic filtration equation (eq. 4). Solutions of this equation exist for any kind of operation, eg, constant pressure, constant rate, variable pressure—variable rate operations (2). The problems encountered with scale-up in cake filtration are in estabHshing the effective values of the medium resistance and the specific cake resistance. 

Failure Rate Variability Some Preliminary Results... 

For catastrophic demand-related pump failures, the variability is explained by the following factors listed in their order of importance system application, pump driver, operating mode, reactor type, pump type, and unidentified plant-specific influences. Quantitative failure rate adjustments are provided for the effects of these factors. In the case of catastrophic time-dependent pump failures, the failure rate variability is explained by three factors reactor type, pump driver, and unidentified plant-specific Influences. Point and confidence interval failure rate estimates are provided for each selected pump by considering the influential factors. Both types of estimates represent an improvement over the estimates computed exclusively from the data on each pump. The coded IPRDS data used in the analysis is provided in an appendix. A similar treatment applies to the valve data. 

Correia D, Rodrigues De Resende LA et al (2006) Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability in HIV-infected and AIDS patients. Pacing CUn Electrophysiol 29(l) 53-58 Craddock C, Pasvol G et al (1987) Cardiorespiratory arrest and autonomic neuropathy in AIDS. Lancet 2(8549) 16-18... 

Lohmoller G, Matuschke A et al (1989) [False-positive test of autonomic neuropathy in HIV infection and AIDS Case control study of heart rate variability in 62 HIV positive patients]. Med Klin (Munich) 84(5) 242-245... 

Mittal CM, Wig N et al (2004) Heart rate variability in human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals. Int J Cardiol 94(1) 1-6... 

Release rate variable with polymer type Disadvantages System must be physically removed... 

MAMBAC offers two standard internal consistency tests, the nose count test and the base rate variability test. MAMBAC allows for two analyses per pair of indicators, which means that two indicators produce two plots, three indicators produce six plots, four indicators produce 12 plots, five indicators produce 20 plots, etc. Waller s MAMBAC does not do this automatically, and the investigator has to run each analysis independently. Ruscio s software, on the other hand, is fully automatic. 

Nose count and base rate variability consistency tests are possible with MAXSLOPE, although it is not yet clear how these tests behave when the underlying distributions are of the difficult kind. Luckily, MAXSLOPE puts less emphasis on internal consistency testing and stresses external consistency testing instead. MAXSLOPE is different from other taxometric algorithms and thus can provide a strong test of external consistency for other procedures. 

Overall, this study supports the existence of an eating disorder taxon. However, the evidence is not particularly strong. The consistency of the mixed-sample analyses is fairly high (acceptably low base rate variability), but the sample composition confounds the interpretation of these findings. To resolve this issue, the authors performed analyses in the student-only sample and found evidence of taxonicity, but some of these analyses were not consistent. Interestingly, the high base rate variability was mostly a problem for analyses using the empirical indicators, which consisted of only a few items and hence were probably less reliable than theoretical indicators. The observed inconsistency may be due to low reliability of the empirical indicators. 

Confined or unconfined Unsteady state Cooper-Jacob Straight line Discharge rate variable... 

The plot of residuals versus some measure of the time at which experiments were run can also be informative. If the number of hours on stream or the cumulative volume of feed passed through the reactor is used, nonrandom residuals could indicate improper treatment of catalyst-activity decay. In the same fashion that residuals can indicate variables not taken into account in predicting reaction rates, variables not taken into account as affecting activity decay can thus be ascertained. 

Equation (5.2) is often modified by introducing terms which relate to the normalization of the distribution function or by its reexpression in terms of a rate variable which is the reciprocal of the lifetime. Normalization can be understood by reference to Eq. (5.1), where the preexponential a, are usually subject to the normalization condition that their sum equal 1. The analogous condition for distribution functions once again replaces this sum with an integral over all positive values. Also by analogy to the preexponential a,the distribution functions are usually positively valued. Negative preexponential terms or distribution function values can arise, however, in cases such as excited-state reactions.(17)... 

Autonomic nervous system (baro-, mechano-, and chemoreflex) Heart rate variability, nerve recordings, bar-mechano reflex curves, tilt table Verwaerde et al. 109 Harada et al. 110 Mangin et al.111... 

Mangin, L., Swynghedauw, B., Benis, A., Thibault, N., Lerebours, G., and Carre, F., Relationships between heart rate and heart rate variability study in conscious rats, /. Cardiovas. Pharmacol., 32, 601-607,1998. 

The Defibrillator in Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial (DINAMIT) enrolled nearly 700 patients with recent MI, ranging from 6 to 40 days (median 7 days), EF < 36%, and reduced heart rate variability but without NYHA class IV symptoms, sustained VT within 48 h of MI, or surgical or percutaneous 3-vessel revascularization [34]. Patients were randomized to ICD therapy versus conventional therapy and at 1 year, there was no difference in total mortality with more arrhythmic deaths in the control arm and more nonarrhythmic deaths in the ICD arm. Thus, there appears to be no benefit to ICD therapy in the immediate post-MI period. An interpretation of the negative result of both of these trials is that significant recovery of LV function may have occurred in the... 

In the near future it will be possible to monitor the status of heart failure using sensors incorporated in the newest generations of defibrillators. Major manufacturers of these devices have put in them the ability to monitor such parameters as heart rate variability, pressure in the right ventricle and force of contraction of the heart as well as many other parameters that are of as yet uncertain significance. As experience with using these data increases the ability to ascertain their utility in the management of patients will increase. 

Yeragani VK, Berger R, Pohl R (1992) Effects of yohimbine on heart rate variability in panic disorder patients and normal controls a study of power spectral analysis of heart rate. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 20 609-618... 

Kawachi 1, Sparrow D, Vokonas PS, et al Decreased heart rate variability in men with phobic anxiety data from the Normative Aging Study. Am J Cardiol 75 882-885,... 

Equation (3) is linear with respect to the reaction rate variable, R. In the further analysis of more complex, non-linear, mechanisms and corresponding kinetic models, we will present the polynomial as an equation, which generalizes Equation (3), and term it as the kinetic polynomial. We will demonstrate that the overall reaction rate, in the general non-linear case, cannot generally be presented as a difference between two terms representing the forward and reverse reaction rates. This presentation is valid only at the special conditions that will be described. 

Guenther, A. B P. R. Zimmerman, P. C. Harley, R. K. Monson, and R. Fall, Isoprene and Monoterpene Emission Rate Variability Model Evaluations and Sensitivity Analyses, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 12609-12617 (1993). 

Heart rate variability Methylcobalamin produces improvement in several components of heart rate variability, suggesting a balancing effect on the nervous system. 

Rate Variables, These variables are concerned with the rate at which a body is moving toward or away from a fixed point. Time always is a component of a rate variable. Variables included are flow, speed, velocity, and acceleration. 

IV. Smaller but possibly significant effects of warming rate and packaging environment are shown in Figure 6, complicated by interaction with the irradiation temperature. The effects of both packaging and warming rate variables were largest at — 196°C. The lowest irradiation flavor intensity... 

Gokce M, Karahan B, Yilmaz R, Orem C, Erdol C, Ozdemir S. Long term effects of hormone replacement therapy on heart rate variability, QT interval, QT dispersion and frequencies of arrhythmia. Int J Cardiol 2005 99 373-9. 

L. Cloarec-Blanchard, C. Funck-Brentano, A. Carayon, and P. Jaillon. Rapid development of nitrate tolerance in healthy volunteers assessment using spectral analysis of short-term blood pressure and heart rate variability. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 24 266-273, 1994. 

Dasu S, Li L (1997) Optimal Operating Policies in the Presence of Exchange Rate Variability. Management Science 43 705-722... 

Ferini-Strambi L, Franceschi M, Pinto P, Zucconi M, Smime S. Respiration and heart rate variability during sleep in untreated Parkinson patients. Gerontology 1992 38 92-98. 

---