Variable growth rate

Children 1-10 years). There is large variation in normals in this age group, perhaps because of the variable growth rates in children and the early age at which females begin the prepubertal growth spurt. When the data are separately presented, normal female children have a higher urinary hydroxyproline excretion than males of comparable age (Table 2). 

Over 50 acidic, basic, and neutral aluminum sulfate hydrates have been reported. Only a few of these are well characterized because the exact compositions depend on conditions of precipitation from solution. Variables such as supersaturation, nucleation and crystal growth rates, occlusion, nonequilihrium conditions, and hydrolysis can each play a role ia the final composition. Commercial dry alum is likely not a single crystalline hydrate, but rather it contains significant amounts of amorphous material. 

Contamination of the production vessel leads to serious financial penalties and each step in the inoculum train is monitored for contamination. To reduce the risk of contamination during sampling it is usual to take a sample from the residue left in each vessel after its contents have been transferred to the next reactor. Since these contamination checks are retrospective, a heavy reliance is placed on the growth characteristics of the production organism. Kinetic variables such as growth rate and oxygen consumption rate are also used to assess the quality of the inoculum. 

A hnear crack growth rate prediction model analogous to Miner s linear damage mle has been proposed to predict the fatigue crack growth rate for variable amplimde signals using constant... 

FIGURE 25.6 Examples of variable ampUtude fatigue crack growth test signals applied to pure shear specimens to investigate the effects of (a) load severity, (b) load sequence, (c) R-ratio, and (d) dwell periods on crack growth rates. A, B, and C denote peak strain levels. 

Note, however, that this calculation involves an assumption that either the °Thxs and/or the °Thxs/ Th remains constant at the outer surface of the nodule throughout its growth. That this is not exactly hue is shown by the fact that the growth rate history for the crast is not identical using the two chronometers. For instance, the outermost three Thxs data imply a slow growth rate, while the same three points, when normalized to Th, imply a rapid growth rate. The problem of variable inihal conditions limits the usefulness of °Thxs dating of Mn nodules and crasts. 

Edgar There is rather little. In the disc cells that we have studied, we initially assumed that they coupled their cell cycle to their growth rate, but on closer examination we found that they have a variable size. They start out large and they get smaller with each division as they go through development. 

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