Procurement tendering

System safety must be instituted into the facility and product acquisition process (including retrofitting and minor modifications). This section delineates the system safety milestones and safety products in the procurement process. This section should describe how the general procurement process works and how systan safety should be involved in this process. For example, the safety organization should make sure that safety requirements are part of the procurement tendering process and weU defined for bidders and vendors. Poor safety requirements definition has led not just to contract disputes but more importantly has many times led to poor safety management and ultimately to contributing to accidents. 

Because of the wide availability of chlor-alkali technology, it was decided to tender for fixed-price contracts for engineering, procurement and construction of the two chlor-alkali plants. The other areas - namely Outside Battery Limits for both plants and the chlor-paraffin plant in Melbourne - were managed by Orica under separate contracts. The chlor-paraffin plant process design (batch chlorination of paraffin oil and wax) was carried out in-house by Orica. 

What about purchasers, both individuals and the ones involved in public procurement, who still mention in invitations for tenders and contracts that the snppliers, inclnding laboratories, shonld be certified against ISO 9001 ... 

Low-income countries with poor administrative capacity can seek technical assistance to manage the procurement process (Leach, Paluzzi, and Munderi 2005). Strengthening regulatory bodies and judicial systems is critical, as provision of counterfeit or substandard drugs can harm the public and should be penalized. To further eliminate substandard suppliers from the tendering process, both pre- and post-qualification procedures can... 

Check estimates ( tender, as-bid, Class 1 estimate ), accuracy +5-10%. This is based on a completed design and concluded negotiations on procurement of specialized items and long lead-time items. 

Although there are different methods of procurement, they all involve a niunber of common activities that must take place beforehand. These activities are the establishment of technical specifications, quantification of requirements, issuing of some form of tender, and selection of product(s) and manufacturer(s) preferably based on prequalification. 

In a restricted tender, also called a closed bid or selective tender , interested suppliers are approved in advance tlirough a prequalification process. This type of procurement is often referred to as limited international bidding (LIB) which is an invitation to competitive bids (ICB) conducted by direct invitation to all prequalified suppliers. 

Procurement agencies should use restricted tenders to invite bids from prequalified suppliers for all health sector goods and services whenever possible. 

In direct procurement, products are obtained directly from a single source without applying the requirements of a tender process or comparing price quotations. 

Procurement and tender documents should list pharmaceutical products by their INN or national generic names. 

Procurement agencies should restrict tenders to prequalified products and manufacturers, soliciting bids from those manufacturers and suppliers that have been prequalified as described in Module II, or by contracting the services of a procurement agency which meets the recommended norms and standards for carrying out prequalification. 

The adjudication of tenders is an important step in procurement. The procedure, including the decision-making process, should be transparent and documented. Decisions taken should ensure both appropriate quality and lowest cost to the procurement agency. 

In evaluating product information during prequalification and during tendering, information regarding the patent status should be requested. No infringement of patents by any United Nations or other procurement agency should occur. 

E.g., hy Government Medical Stores, generally with extensive use of tenders May include pooled procurement (by several institutions or even several countries)... 

The dual aim of business coaching is to help the contractors complete the tender application properly and to develop the contractors skills in this area. The inclusion of notifying RTIO procurement (see Figure 19.1, step 7) enables RTIO to track Aboriginal participants for the purposes of providing timely support and ensure Aboriginal contractors do not miss out on work opportunities due to inadequately constructed tender... 

Supply Chain Council (2012) SCOR supply chain operations reference model. Revision 11.0 Taylor GD (2007) Logistics engineering handbook. CRC Press, New York Truman T (2011) Health procurement leader turns to Australia s National Product Catalogue to improve tendering. 2010/2011 GSl Healthcare Reference Book Van Horenbeek A, Pintelon L (2014) Development of a maintenance performance measurement framework— using the analytic network process (ANP) for maintenance performance indicator selection. Omega 42(l) 33-46... 

Procurement of goods and services Is the formal procurement program and process for goods and services and managing their procurement risks. It is critical that system safety is incorporated early into the procurement process (especially in the tendering process and especially as part of tender requirements), along the entire value chain. 

As is clearly shown, for a long period only costs arise. During the phase of research, planning and invitation to tender these are mainly employment costs. Cost steps arise from the procurement of the plant from the plant manufacturer, usually in the form of several installments. The fictitious project shown here is based on three installments. Payment of the first installment occurs with the order placing, the second installment with the beginning of the erection and, finally, the third installment with the successfully finished trial run (acceptance). 

In many countries, public utilities are subject to compulsory tendering. In Germany, this procedure for the procurement of construction work and services is set up in detail in the so-caUed Contracting Rules for Award of Public Works (VOB) and Contracting Rules for Services (VOL)) and regulated by law ( Law against Restraint of Competition , or the Rules for Award of Governmental Contracts . In order to enable the European-wide participation in the invitation to tender, a pubhcation in the EU journal (http //ted.eur-op.eu.int/ojs/de/frame. htm) is required. 

In order to contain time and expenses for the determination of the procurement costs of the main components, the solicitation of preliminary quotations has proven its worth. For this purpose, preliminary enquiries are made which clearly show the most important details regarding scope of delivery and performance. The preliminary enquiries consist of a cover letter, the technical data sheet and the related media data sheet. This also reduces expenses for the tender preparation while competition will be enhanced. Apart from technical details, the quotation of the plant manufacturer will also clear important commercial and organizational matters in the run-up of the actual order ... 

The procurement department establishes a list of qualified tenderers for engineering, procurement and construction (EPC). They must be able to offer adequate standard semi-submersible platform concepts and must be able to mobilise a project organisation with adequate qualifications and experience. Tender documents are developed and an invitation to tender is sent out. Bids are received and evaluated. An EPC contractor is selected among the tenderers. 

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