Polyester textiles

Disperse azo dyes for dyeing polyester textile material... 

In the late 1980s, new fully aromatic polyester fibers were iatroduced for use ia composites and stmctural materials (18,19). In general, these materials are thermotropic Hquid crystal polymers that are melt-processible to give fibers with tensile properties and temperature resistance considerably higher than conventional polyester textile fibers. Vectran (Hoechst-Celanese and Kuraray) is a thermotropic Hquid crystal aromatic copolyester fiber composed of -hydroxyben2oic acid [99-96-7] and 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid. Other fully aromatic polyester fiber composites have been iatroduced under various tradenames (19). 

J. N. KerawaHa and S. M. Hansen, Proceedings ofithe Polyester Textile Conference, Shirley Institute, Blackpool, UK, May 1988. 

Ethylene glycol is the principal ingredient in automobile antifreeze and is also used to make polyester textile hbers such as Dacron. Glycerine is recovered as a by-product in the manufacture of soap and is used in cosmetics. Both glycerine and pentaerythritol are also used in the manufacture of paint and explosives. 

Fibres are, as a result of the spinning process, molecularly oriented, and they have, therefore, a 2 to 3 times higher stiffness than the non-oriented polymer (e.g. polyamide and polyester textile fibres). With the highest attainable orientation, such as in aromatic polyamides (Twaron and Kevlar), and in the PE-fibre (Dyneema) the stiffness can be a hundred times higher than the one in the unoriented condition ... 

Note ABS, acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene EPS, expandable polystyrene HIPS, high-impact polystyrene PA, polyamide PBT, poly(butylene)terephthalate PC, polycarbonate PE, polyethylene PET, poly(ethylene)terephthalate PP, polypropylene PUR, polyurethane PVC, polyvinylchloride UPE, unsaturated polyester Textile, textile application. 

The three possible approaches to flame-retardant polyester - additives to the polymer melt, flame-retardant copolymers and topical finishes - have all been used commercially to produce flame-retardant polyester textiles. All the methods employ phosphorous- or bromine-containing compounds as the active flame retardant. 

One current commercial flame retardant for polyester is a mixture of cyclic phosphate/phosphonates used in a pad-dry-heat set process (Fig. 8.18). ° Heat set conditions of 190-210 C for 0.5-2 min are adequate. This product when applied at 3 % add-on can provide durable flame retardancy to a wide variety of polyester textiles. 

Bis(sulfobenzofuranyl)biphenyls such as (224) have been used as fluorescent brighteners in stable bleach solutions <90EUP395588>. Some examples (R = H) survived much longer than stil-benedisulfonic acid derivatives <89GEP(0)3900651>. Derivatives of polyheterocycle (225) were used to whiten polyester textiles <83GEP(0)33l 1092>. In combination with zinc salicylate and 2-phenylindole,... 

Forder et al. [70] have successfully prepared superparamagnetic conductive polyester textile composites (polypyrrole and magnetite on polyester textile fiber substrate) by a two-step deposition method, i.e., magnetite deposition and PPy deposition. 

C. Forder, S.P. Armes, A.W. Simpson, C. Maggiore, and M. Hawley, Preparation and characterisation of superparamagnetic conductive polyester textile composites, J. Mater. Chem, 3, 563-569 (1993). 

Bozzi, A., Yuranova, T, and Kimi, J., Self cleaning of wool-polyamide and polyester textiles by Ti02 rutile modifications under day light irradiation at ambient temperature,... 

Chem. Descrip. Oxidized polyethylene wax CAS 68441-17-8 EINECS/ELINCS 200-815-3 Uses Lubricant for PVC, PS melting agent, water repellent for paints processing aid for polyester textile and paper auxiliary abrasion-resist, printing ink emulsions dry-bright/mixed saponified emulsion polish/pre-servative agent... 

Polyester textile fibers, tire cords, photographic film, soft drink and water bottles, food jars... 

Synthetic fibers do not contain natural impurities although there are added impurities such as sizing materials and oil stains. Therefore, their pretreatment process is simpler than other natural fibers. However, synthetic fibers such as polyester and acrylic have poor wettability, dyeability, and antistatic behavior. After plasma treatment, the fiber surface gets physically altered, and hydrophilic functional groups are introduced to the fiber surface, which improves the wettability of the fiber significantly. In recent years, many researchers have studied ways to modify polyester textile materials, and good results have been obtained (Morent et al., 2008). 

Simultaneous dyeing and flame retardation of 100% polyester fabric has always been a commercially successful aim and while research has been undertaken in this area with reasonable levels of durability achieved, either in a dye bath or by thermosol process, potential commercial exploitation depends on the costs relative to the cost of using an inherently low flammable polyester. Currently in the UK, for example, Solvay (formerly Rhodia) market Amgard CU which is the same as the former Antiblaze IQ " for finishing polyester textiles based on the cyclic phosphonate structure where n=l ... 

More than 2 million tons of poly(ethylene terephthalate), commonly referred to as PET or PETE, are produced in the United States each year for use in beverage bottles, apparel, tire cord, film for photography, food packi ing, coatings for microwave and conventional ovens, and home furnishings. Polyester textile fibers are marketed under such names as Dacron and Terylene. Films of the same polyester, when magnetically coated, are used to make audiotapes and videotapes. This film. Mylar, has unusual strength and can be rolled into sheets 1/30 the thickness of a human hair. 

Uses Flame retardant for PS, polyester, textiles Manuf./Distrib. Aldrich http //www.sigma-aidrich.com... 

Aminoethylaminopropylmethylsiloxane/dimeth yisiloxane copolymer Dimethicone PEG-20 castor oil PEG-2 laurate SE lubricant, polyamide Glyceryl montanate lubricant, polyester textiles PEG-4 dioctanoate lubricant, polyesters, linear Glyceryl montanate lubricant, polymer processing CIO-12 alcohols C10-14 alcohols C12-14 alcohols C12-18 alcohols C14-16 alcohols C14-18 alcohols Lauryl alcohol lubricant, polymerization Sorbitan sesquioleate... 

Lin, T., L. Wang, X. Wang, and A. Kaynak. 2005. Polymerising pyrrole on polyester textiles and controlling the conductivity through coating thickness. Thin Solid Films 479 77. 

Any porous substrate (filter paper, polyester textile) covered by the PP of hexa-methyldisilazane or the double layer of hexamethyldisilazane and n-hexane becomes the membrane selective for the water and hydrophobic liquids (Bankovic et al. 2004). 

Housings for extracorporeal devices (acrylics, poly(carbonates), poly(methylpentane)], catheters, angioplasty balloons, sutures, vascular grafts (polyester textiles, expanded PTFE), medical tubing oxygenator and hemdi-alysis membranes... 

The PTFE textile raft is no longer commercially available. In general, the handling characteristics of that device were not as good as those of the polyester textile because commercially available PTFE fibers were larger in diameter than polyester fibers. 

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