Angioplasty balloon

Intraaortic balloon Angioplasty catheter Vascular grafts Sutures... 

GPIIb/IIIa antagonists have to be administered parenterally. They are currently used prophylactically during intracoronary interventions such as percutaneous transluminal revascularization with balloon angioplasty or intracoronary stenting, as well as to treat acute coronary syndromes like unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction. The main complications... 

The data for the use of GP Ilb/Illa inhibitors in conjunction with lAT are even more scant, and are limited to case reports. Intravenous abciximab has been successfully used as adjunctive therapy to lA rt-PA or UK in cases of acute stroke. Desh-mukh et al. reported on 21 patients with large vessel occlusion refractory to lAT with rt-PA who were treated with IV and/or lA abciximab, eptifibatide, or tirofiban. Twelve patients also received IV rt-PA and 18 patients underwent balloon angioplasty. Complete or partial recanalization was achieved in 17 of 21 patients. Three patients (14%) had asymptomatic ICH, but there were no cases of symptomatic ICH. Mangiafico et al. described 21 stroke patients treated with an intravenous bolus of tirofiban and heparin followed by lA urokinase. Nineteen of these patients also underwent balloon angioplasty. TIMI 2-3 flow was achieved in 17 of 21 patients. ICH occurred in 5 of 21 patients (3 symptomatic ICH and 2 SAH), and was fatal in 3... 

The In-Time Retriever (Boston Scientific, Natick, MA) has four to six wire loops and tends to bow when opened but has no specific opening to capture the embolus. This device has been successfully used in a case of an MCA occlusion resistant to thrombolytics and balloon angioplasty, as well as in cases of basilar occlusion. The TriSpan (Boston Scientific, Natick, MA), a neck bridge device consisting of three nitinol loops originally designed to treat wide-necked aneurysms, has also been used to treat basilar occlusions. ... 

Nonpharmacologic management of thrombosis in a hemodialysis catheter involves saline flushes. Smaller clots may be managed by balloon angioplasty to mechanically open the catheter. In severe cases in whom clots cannot be removed by either mechanical or pharmacologic therapy, the catheter may require replacement. 

Initial tests in the rat revealed a high degree of tissue compatibility of Dat-Tyr-Hex derived polymers. More detailed tests are now in progress. In addition, tyrosine derived polymers are currently being evaluated in the formulation of an intracranial controlled release device for the release of dopamine, in the design of an intraarterial stent (to prevent the restenosis of coronary arteries after balloon angioplasty), and in the development of orthopedic implants. The use of tyrosine derived polymers in these applications will provide additional data on the biocompatibility of these polymers. 

Choice b is incorrect The risk factor is 2%. Choice c is a complete misunderstanding of the text. Inflating a balloon into a blocked artery is coronary balloon angioplasty. Because two answers are incorrect, d is not a viable choice. 

Betriu A, Masotti M, Serra A, et al. Randomized comparison of coronary stent implantation and balloon angioplasty in the treatment of de novo coronary artery lesions (START) a four-year follow-up. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999 34 1498-1506. 

Inoue T, Sohma R, Miyazaki T, Iwasaki Y, Yaguchi I, Morooka S. Comparison of activation process of platelets and neutrophils after coronary stent implantation versus balloon angioplasty for stable angina pectoris. Am J Cardiol 2000 86 1057-1062. 

Kollum M, Kaiser S, Kinscherf R, Metz J, Kubler W, Hehrlein C. Apoptosis after stent implantation compared with balloon angioplasty in rabbits. Role of macrophages. Arterioscler Thromb Vase Biol 1997 17 2383-2388. 

Feldman LJ, Mazighi M, Scheuble A, et al. Differential expression of matrix metalloproteinases after stent implantation and balloon angioplasty in the hypercholesterolemic rabbit. Circulation 2001 103 3117-3122. 

Hueb WA Bellotti G, de Oliveira SA, et al. The Medicine, Angioplasty and Surgery Study a prospective, randomized trial of medical therapy, balloon angioplasty, or bypass surgery for single proximal left anterior descending artery stenosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995 26 606. 

Serruys PW, de Jaegere P, Kiemeneij F, et al., for the BENESTENT study group. A comparison of balloon-expandable stent implantation with balloon angioplasty in patients with coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 1994 331 489 95. 

Maillard L, Hamon M, Khalife K, et al. A comparison of systematic stenting and conventional balloon angioplasty during primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000 35 1729-1736. 

Hanke H, Oberhoff M, Hanke S, Hassenstein S, Kamenz J, Schmid KM, Betz E, Karsch KR. Inhibition of cellular proliferation after experimental balloon angioplasty by low-molecular-weight heparin. Circulation 1992 85 1548-1556. 

Note Balloon angioplasty is a noninvasive procedure in which a balloon-tipped catheter is introduced into a diseased blood vessel. As the balloon is inflated, the vessel opens further, allowing for placement of a stent and improved flow of blood.]... 

Centocor s ReoPro cleared for marketing in United States by the FDA and by the European Union s regulatory body, CPMP for patients undergoing high-risk balloon angioplasty. 

Elong, M.K., Wong, S.C., Farb, A., Mehlman, M.D., Virmani, R., Barry, J.J. et al. (1993) Feasibility and drug delivery efficiency of a new balloon angioplasty catheter capable of performing simultaneous local drug delivery. Coron. Artery. Dis., 4, 1023-1027. 

The EPISTENT Investigators. Randomized placebo-controlled and balloon-angioplasty-controlled trial to assess safety of coronary stenting with use of platelet glycoprotein-l lb/11 la blockade. Lancet 1998 352 87-92. 

Schwartz et al. (29) examined the role of antiplatelet therapy in preventing restenosis following balloon angioplasty. They randomized 376 patients to receive either aspirin plus dipyridamole or placebo (similar to previous bypass studies). The active treatment arm received aspirin (330 mg) and dipyridamole (75 mg) three times daily for 24 hours prior to the procedure eight hours before PTCA, the oral dipyridamole was replaced with intravenous dipyridamole (10 mg/hour for 24 hours)—the oral aspirin was continued ... 

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