Mouse micronucleus test

Physicochemical properties requked include melting/boiling point, vapor pressure, solubiUty, and flammabiUty/explosion characteristics. The toxicological studies include acute toxicity tests, oral, inhalation, and dermal skin and eye kritation skin sensiti2ation subacute toxicity, oral, inhalation, and dermal and mutagenicity tests. In vitro reverse mutation assay (Ames test) on Salmonella typhimurium and/or E.scherichia coli and mammalian cytogenic test. In vivo mouse micronucleus test. 

In vitro metaphase analysis (or mouse micronucleus test)... 

Toxicological properties Acute toxicity (by two routes of admission) Skin irritation Eye irritation Skin sensitization 28 days subacute toxicity Ames test In vitro metaphase analysis (or mouse micronucleus test)... 

The mouse micronucleus test (which detects chromosome breakage or chromosome loss from mitotic abnormalities in bone marrow erythrocytes) (MacGregor et al. 1979). 

TETA was mutagenic in bacterial assays and was positive in sister chromatid exchanges and unscheduled DNA synthesis tests in vitro It was not clastogenic in the mouse micronucleus test in vivo after oral or intraperitoneal administration. 

Sheldon, T. (1989b) An evaluation of caprolactam and benzoin in the mouse micronucleus test. Mutat. Res., 224, 351-355... 

Adler, I.-D., Kliesch, U., van Hiunmelen, P. Kirsch-Volders. M. (1991) Mouse micronucleus tests with known and suspect spindle poisons results from two laboratories. Mutagenesis, 6,47-53... 

Cytogenetic damage Mouse Micronucleus test Chromosomal fragments in erythrocyte stem cells <1 mo M M M M... 

Not genotoxic (Ames, human lymphocyte peripheral blood lymphocyte chromosome aberration test, in vivo mouse micronucleus test)... 

Prenatal and postnatal development none Genetic toxicology human lymphocyte metaphase analysis, mammalian cell mutation assay, mouse micronucleus test Carcinogenicity none... 

Meshram, G.P., Rao, K.M. (1988). Cytogenetic activity of methyl isocyanate in vivo in the mouse micronucleus test. Toxicol. Lett. 42 65-71. 

Propofol Tests for mutagenicity included the Ames mutation test, gene mutation/gene conversion using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in vitro cytogenetic studies in Chinese hamsters, and a mouse micronucleus test. None of these have shown mutagenic potential. 

No evidence of genotoxicity was observed in vitro with or without metabolic activation in the following assays microbial mutagen tests using mutant strains of Salmonella typhimurium or Escherichia coli, Chinese hamster ovary forward mutation assay, unscheduled DNA synthesis in rat primary hepatocytes, chromosome aberrations in Chinese hamster ovary cells, and spindle inhibition in human lymphocytes. In addition, there was no evidence of genotoxicity in vivo in a mouse micronucleus test there was equivocal evidence of mutagenicity in a mouse domi nant lethal test. 

Mutagenic in bacterial mutation assay (Ames), in vitro cytogenetics assay, and mouse micronucleus test. 

The second mutagenicity test for notification in Austria can be either the in vitro chromosome aberration test or an in vivo study such as the mouse micronucleus test, although the former may be preferred from an animal welfare viewpoint and to be consistent with other notification schemes. 

The mouse micronucleus test or an in vivo chromosome aberration test will noimally be requited immediately after notification in the EC if any of the in vitro Base Set mutagenicity tests are positive. The third mutagenicity study required for notification in Canada can be either the mouse micronudeus test or the in vivo chromosome aberration test. 

The mouse micronucleus test has been agreed with the Australian regulatory authorities as an alternative to the dominant lethal assay suggested in the official guidelines. 

Edwards, C. 2002. Tahitian noni juice—Mouse micronucleus test. Test report. Lille Skensved, Denmark Scantox Biologisk Laboratorium. 

A review of Pelargonium sidoides indicated that a full set of toxicity studies had been completed, including acute short-term toxicity studies in rats, 2-week dose finding and 13-week toxicity studies in dogs, the Ames test for mutagenicity, the chromosomal aberration test, the mouse micronucleus test, tumor promotion studies, immuno-toxicity studies, and reproductive toxicology studies. The review reported that all studies yielded unremarkable results. Information on products and doses used were not reported in the review (Conrad et al. 2007). 

In the Ames test, mouse lymphoma cell (L5178Y/ TK ") forward mutation test, Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell chromosome aberration test, and mouse micronucleus test, alvimopan was not found genoto-xic. Its metabolite was negative in the Ames test, CHO cell chromosome aberration test, and mouse micronucleus test. 

The potential for genotoxicity may also be evaluated in the mouse micronucleus test and in a host-mediated assay in the mouse. The former procedure is a measure of the clastogenic activity of the compound in erythrocyte stem cells (Heddle, 1973 Jenssen et al., 1974), and the latter is similar to the in vitro Ames test, except that exposure of the tester organisms occurs in an animal that has been dosed with the compound to be tested. Etretinate is negative in both tests (Hummler and Schiipbach, 1981). 

Genotoxicity testing evaluates the test article s ability to cause damage to DNA, genes, and chromosomes. Because of this, genotoxicity testing is performed as a battery, which typically consists of a bacterial reverse mutation assay, also known as the Ames assay, a mouse micronucleus test, and a mouse lymphoma or chromosomal aberration test. 

The mouse micronucleus test is an in vivo test in which mice are exposed to the test article or extract. Bone marrow is harvested from the animals and evaluated for the presence of micronuclei. Micronuclei are comprised of chromosomes or fragments of chromosomes, and are indicative of chromosomal damage. 

A number of genotoxicity studies have been conducted with piperazine including some with Salmonella typhimurium tester strains in the presence and absence of metabolic activation, a study using mouse lymphoma cells, a test for chromosome aberrations and a mouse micronucleus test. Negative results were obtained in these studies and so there is no evidence that piperazine is... 

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