Mammalian cell mutation assays

Prenatal and postnatal development none Genetic toxicology human lymphocyte metaphase analysis, mammalian cell mutation assay, mouse micronucleus test Carcinogenicity none... 

As part of a study to establish 3-azidoamsacrine (34) as a viable photoaffinity probe for amsacrine-DNA interactions, the cytotoxic and mutagenic properties of this compound were investigated utilizing mammalian cell-mutation assays with and without light activation [68]. Not surprisingly, 3-azidoamsacrine was cytotoxic to V79 Chinese hamster cells... 

Pennwalt Corporation (1987c) An assessment of the mutagenic potential of tetrahydrothlophene In a mammalian cell mutation assay using the Chinese hamster ovary/ HPRT locus assay (Report PWT 60/87393). Cited in International Uniform Chemical Information Database (lUCLID). 

Initially, we became attracted to the potential of L5178Y. cells because of a number of characteristics which would seem to favor their use in an in vitro mammalian cell mutational assay system. These include growth in suspension culture, a short generation time of 11 hr, and a cloning efficiency of up to 100% in a simple soft-agar cloning medium. 

In most instances the specimens will be self-evident (e.g., samples of blood, plasma, serum, urine, spinal fluid, aqueous humor, organs, tissues, and tissue fractions that are taken from a test system with the intention of performing an examination or analysis). In other instances the definition may not be as clear. For example, the assay plates used in the mammalian cell transformation assay and the mammalian point mutation assay are considered specimens even though they bear many of the attributes of a test system. For these assays, the originally plated cells plus media and excipients are the test system. After treatment with the test or... 

Warr, T.J., Parry, E.M. Parry, J.M. (1993) A comparison of two in vitro mammalian cell cytogenetic assays for the detection of mitotic aneuploidy using 10 known or suspected aneugens. Mutat. Res., 287, 29-46... 

Fowler P, Smith K, Young J, Jeffrey L, Kirkland D et al (2012) Reduction of misleading ( false ) positive results in mammalian cell genotoxicity assays. I. Choice of cell type. Mutat Res 742 11-25... 

ICH guidelines specifically require three genotoxicity assays for all devices (see Table 6.2). The assays should preferably evaluate DNA effects, gene mutations and chromosomal aberrations, and two of the assays should preferably use mammalian cells. Guidance for providing tests for selection to meet these needs are the OECD guidelines, which include 8 in vitro and 7 in vivo assays. 

Brusick, D. (1987). Genotoxicity produced in cultures mammalian cell assays by treatment conditions. Special issue. Mutation Res. 189 1-80. 

Clive, D., Caspary, W., Kirkby, RE., Krehl, R., Moore, M., Mayo, J. and Oberly, T.J. (1987). Guide for performing the mouse lymphoma assay for mammalian cell mutagenicity. Mutation Res. 189 145-146. 

Cole, J., Fox, M., Gamer, R.C., McGregor, D.B. and Thacker, J. (1990). Gene mutation assays in cultured mammalian cells. In UKEMS Subcommittee on Guidelines for Mutagenicity Testing. Report Part I rev. (Kirkland, D.J., Ed.). Cambridge University Press, pp. 87-114. 

Under Guideline S2B, the following standard test battery is recommended (1) a test for gene mutation in bacteria, (2) an in vitro test with cytogenetic evaluation of chromosomal damage with mammalian cells or an in vitro mouse lymphoma thymidine kinase (TK) assay, and (3) an in vivo test for chromosomal damage using rodent hematopoietic cells. 

Genotoxicity. A limited number of in vitro assays with bacteria and mammalian cells and an in vivo assay with mice indicate that 1, 2-diphenylhydrazine is genotoxic. Replicate assays have not been conducted with the exception of assays with Salmonella, and mutation in mammalian systems and genotoxicity in human cells have not been evaluated. Additional studies, particularly involving mammalian systems and providing information on the potential for heritable mutations, would add to the database on genotoxicity and validate available information. 

Furfural was genotoxic in vitro in mammalian cells, causing chromosomal aberrations, gene mutations, and sister chromatid exchanges it was not mutagenic in a number of bacterial assays. ... 

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