IPC

In cases where Noyori s reagent (see p. 102f.) and other enantioselective reducing agents are not successful, (+)- or (—)-chlorodiisopinocampheylborane (Ipc BCl) may help. This reagent reduces prochiral aryl and tert-alkyl ketones with exceptionally high enantiomeric excesses (J. Chandrasekharan, 1985 H.C. Brown, 1986). The initially formed boron moiety is usually removed hy precipitation with diethanolamine. Ipc2BCl has, for example, been applied to synthesize polymer-supported chiral epoxides with 90% e.e. from Merrifield resins (T. Antonsson, 1989). 

International Cryogenic Engineering Conferences, Vols. 1—14, IPC Science and Technology Press and Butterworth, London, 1967—1993. 

CASSIS USPTO USPTO Office of Electronic Data Conversion and Dissemination CASSIS, the Classification and Search Support Information System of the USPTO, comprises three subfiles CASSIS/BIB, bibHographic information for utiHty patents from 1969 and for others from 1977 CASSIS/CLASS, USPTO classification by patent number of class/subclass CASSIS/ASSIST, iadex to U.S. Manual of Classification U.S. Manual of Classification, Class Definitions IPC, U.S. Classification Concordance Manual of Patent Examining Procedure Attorneys/ Agents Roster, etc... 

W. Knausenberger, presentation at the IPC Technology Marketing Kesearch Council New Orleans, La., Dec. 1993. 

MetalFoilforPrinted WiringApplications, IPC-MF-150, Institute for Interconnecting and Packaging Electronic Circuits, Liucolnwood, IU., 1991. 

C. L. Guiles, CTE MaterialsforPWBs, IPC Technical Paper 914, IPC Seminar Meeting, San Diego, Calif., 1990. 

Fig. 4. Example of international patent classification (stmctured, hierarchical), where numbers ia square brackets identify edition of IPC ia which class was first used. In C07c 45/50, the first four characters iadicate section C (chemistry). Class 07 (organic chemistry), and subclass c (acycHc compounds) the number 45 /00 iadicates the preparation of compounds having carbonyl groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms by any method and 45 /50...

Patent classification codes are another subject-search parameter available in most patent databases. IPC codes are usually present and U.S. codes exist in a number of files in the case of Japan Patent Information Organization (JAPIO), Japanese codes too are available. It is possible to mimic a hand search by limiting operations to references falling within one class or group of classes. Although such strategies can in some instances be justified, it is usually wiser to treat class codes as just one of the various subject parameters that make up a search strategy. 

With the advent of on-line searching in the 1970s, the Derwent file was one of the first to go on-line. It had subject retrieval capabiUty by the manual and punch code systems, tide terms, IPC, and broad subject groupings called Derwent classes, whose primary function had been to allocate patents to appropriate segments of the Derwent system. By 1981, abstracts were added to the database, after which abstracts for the entire back-file were added. 

EDOG. EDOC, available on just the Questel system, provides in most instances less complete patent family information than either WPI or INPADOC, but it is unique in including Japanese C-level documents and also some AustraUan data not available in the other two databases. It is possible on occasion to find family information from before 1970 in this database, though such data are not provided systematically. The abiUty to search by the EPO-modified version of IPC is unique. Its value is tempered by the fact that output does not even include tides, much less abstracts of patents. That output can, however, be transferred by cross-file search protocols to more detailed files, such as WPI. 

Principles for the Toxicological Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Food, IPCS Environmental Health Criteria Document No. 104, International Programme on Chemical Safety, Geneva, Switzedand, 1990, 117 pp. 

IPCS Task Group on Ziuc, International Programme on Chemical Safety, Environmental Health Criteria for Zinc, September 20, 1996. 

Chloroformates are shipped in nonretumable 208-L (55-gal) polyethylene dmms with carbon steel overpacks or high density polyethylene dmms. Eor bulk shipments, insulated stainless-steel tank containers and tmcks provide secure protection. Tank tmck and rail car quantities are shipped using equipment dedicated for these types of products. Materials such as isopropyl chloroformate, benzyl chloroformate, and j -butyl chloroformate that require refrigeration are precooled when shipped in bulk containers. Bulk shipments that are precooled must proceed to the destination without layover. Dmm shipments of IPCE, BCE, and SBCE must be shipped in refrigerated containers. Many of the chloroformates are only shipped in tmck load shipments. The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) Hazardous Materials Regulations control the shipments of chloroformates, as described in Table 3. 

J. Aveston, G. A. Cooper, and A. Kelly, ia The Properties of Fiber Composites, IPC Science Technology Press, The National Physical Laboratory, 1971, pp. 15-26. 

International Programme on Chemieal Safety, Report of IPCS/OECD Scoping Meeting on Endocrine Disrnpters (EDCs), 16-18 March 1998, Washington, 1998. 

Authorizations to discharge Red List substances are dealt with by the Environment Agency under Integrated Pollution Control (IPC). 

In the UK the Environmental Proteetion Aet 1990 established an interloeking framework for pollution eontrol. Integrated Pollution Control (IPC) introdueed a new approaeh with waste minimization at its eentre and a eommitment to higher environmental standards. The latter is based upon seleetion of the Best Praetieal Environmental Option (BPEO), i.e. ... 

Under Part 1 of EPA 90, an IPC system eontrols emissions to air, land and water for the most polluting industrial and similar proeesses. All operators of preseribed proeesses, e.g. fuel and power, minerals, waste disposal and ehemieal, require prior authorization. They are required to use BATNEEC, the Best Available Teehnology Not Entailing Exeessive Cost ... 

Local autliority control of au pollution covers a second tier of less-polluting processes. Incinerators for waste chemicals, or waste plastic arising from their manufacture, and other waste incinerators dependent upon size are, however, subject to both the BATNEEC and BPEO requirements under the IPC regime. 

Any IPC application will include, in addition to details of the operator ... 

---