Hazard noise Vibration

Atmospheric Hazards. Examples are Uie presence of toxic airborne chemical substances and parUculate matter, biological agents, noise, vibration, radiation, extremes of temperature and humidity, and lack of illumination. 

Petroleum and chemical related hazards can arise from the presence of combustible or toxic liquids, gases, mist, or dust in the work environment. Common physical hazards include ambient heat, bums, noise, vibration, sudden pressure changes, radiation, and electric shock. Various external sources, such as chemical, biological, or physical hazards, can cause work related injuries or fatalities. Although all of these hazards are of concern this book primarily concentrates on fire and explosions hazards that can cause catastrophic events. 

Occupational diseases that affect the health of workers, to cause premature workers lose the ability to work the main factors. Mine occupational hazards in dust (coal dust, rock dust, cement dust, etc.), chemicals (nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, etc.) and physical factors (noise, vibration, thermal radiation, high temperature, etc.) three categories. Which is the most serious to dust hazards caused by pneumoconiosis. 2009,14,495 cases of pneumoconiosis new cases, the CWP and sand lung accounted for 91.89%. The incidence of pneumoconiosis shorten the length of service, the mass of pneumoconiosis... 

Physical hazards include noise, vibration, extremes of temperature, compressed gases, combustible and flammable chemicals, pyrophorics, explosives, oxidizers, and reactive materials. Process employees are exposed to physical hazards on a daily basis because they woric outside on the unit among pipes containing compressed gases, fluids under high temperatures, and flammable and explosive chemicals. Examples of some these hazards on a process unit might include ... 

Noise is the most common vibration hazard however, vibration can have other adverse effects. High-intensity, low-fiequency sounds can cause the skull, other bones, and internal organs to become injured. Resonances will occur at certain frequencies so that these painful or Injurious effects become much more noticeable. Vibration is transmitted more easily through solid materials than through air. It may happen, therefore, that a heavy piece of equipment can transmit vibrations through a structure, such as a frame and flooring of a building, to other equipment. Employees in contact with this equipment may become aware of and be affected by the transmitted vibration. 

The identification of working context and hazard typology to analyze (ordinary or specific hazards such as noise, vibration, and so on) usually establishes what risk assessment techniques should be used as similar techniques may not necessarily yield the same results. 

When dealing with hazards of environments, there are additional important factors. Environments include such things as heat, light, noise, vibration, pressure, chemicals, and radiation (non-ionizing and ionizing). Designers must know what level of exposure exists or could exist. One must consider the exposure s effects on people. There is a need to know how exposures occur. There is a need to detect and measure the exposures. People cannot observe many environmental hazards or assess them accurately on their own. 

Physical hazards include excessive levels of nonionizing and ionizing radiations, noise, vibration, and extremes of temperature and pressure. 

Ergonomic principles and control of noise, vibration and lighting hazards... 

Hazard caused by noise/vibration Environmental pollution Biological... 

Can a person come into contact with something hazardous (e.g., electricity, heat, cold, radiation, caustics, dusts/fumes/vapors/mists/gases/smoke, noise/vibration, toxic or noxious substances, biohazards)... 

Fall hazards Weight of objects Explosion Noise Vibration Plot objects Machine guarding... 

Finally, consideration must be given to health hazards which are associated with working near water. These include biological hazards such as leptospirosis and tetanus and general hazards to health associated with working on any construction site such as noise, vibration and musculoskeletal problems, electricity, mechanical hazards, flying particles, dust and contact with cement. 

Physical. Physical hazards include thermal effects (heat and cold), noise, vibration, radiation, and fatigue while working in a confined space. 

It is possible to effectively determine risk wherever there is a possibility to unequivocally and quantitatively assess the risk parameters, that is, the probability and consequence of a negative event this includes technologies that archive detailed data on individual injuries, accidents, faults, and assess risks (hazards) that can be quantified by explicit values, for example, noise, vibration, dustiness, chemical substances content, and so on. In case of technical risks, it is possible on some occasions to define consequences by means of financial units, although this procedure is applicable only in case of incidents covered by insurance. 

Physical hazards include excessive levels of nonionizing and ionizing radiation, noise, vibration, and extremes of temperature and pressure. Any of these have or can have serious adverse effects upon your workforce. You should identify any of these that exist in your work environment and that present a risk to your employees. 

Textile motors Crane motors Determining the size of motor Sugar centrifuge motors Motors for deep-well pumps Motors for agricultural application Surface-cooled motors Torque motors or actuator motors Vibration and noise level Service factors Motors for hazardous locations Specification of motors for Zone 0 locations Specification of motors for Zone I locations Motors for Zone 2 locations Motors for mines, collieries and quarries Intrinsically safe circuits, type Ex. f Testing and certifying authorities Additional requirements for ciritical installations Motors for thermal power station auxiliaries Selection of a special-purpose motor... 

This book provides an advanced level of study of industrial hygiene engineering situations with emphasis on the control of exposure to occupational health hazards. Primary attention is given to industrial ventilation, noise and vibration control, heat stress, and industrial illumination. Other topics covered include industrial water quality, solid waste control, handling and storage of hazardous materials, personal protective equipment, and costs of industrial hygiene control. 

Vibrations, sound, and noise are other examples of common industrial hazards. The most common injury because of vibration is sound-induced hearing loss. The vibrations of machines, high-speed pumps, generators, boilers, and conveyers produce unwanted sound noise. The adverse effects produced by these sounds are as follows ... 

Any chemical that has a physical hazard as defined in the following pages constitutes an OSHA defined hazardous chemical. The hazards of noise and vibration are discussed in greater detail in a later chapter. 

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