Gmelin

Gmelin is the oldest handbook of chemistry. As early as 1817 Leopold Gmelin published the Handbuch der theoretischen Chemie (Handbook of Theoretical Chemistry), which later on lead to the Handbuch der Anorganischen und Organometallischen Chemie (Handbook of Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry). Nowadays, this handbook has more than 640 volumes. In December 1991 a part of Gmelin s Handbook was made available online in a database. It started with nearly 280,000 compounds. In 1997, when the database is expected to be complete, it will contain about 700,000 compounds. The database information is composed of the volumes published between 1924 and 1975, and, additionally, from ca. 110 technical journals, which were evaluated in order to cover the period from 1988 onward. The gap from 1975 to 1988 will be filled by 1997. Today 642,421 compounds are contained in the data- 

The database Gmelin is hierarchically structured like Beilstein (Sect. 7.10) and contains the subjects  

These subjects are divided in numerous search and display fields. The database - a fact file - is not a substitution for the handbook. The volumes contain numerous chapters, i.e. regarding history, deposit, quarrying and mining. Furthermore, they offer numerous drawings. In order to find single compounds in the handbook, we recommend a query in the database Gmelin Formula Index (GFI), which contains the complete formula index and catalog (Fig. 158). 

FILE COVERS FORMULA INDEX FROM 1924 TO 1990 (384,899 SUBSTANCES). COMPLETE CATALOG FROM 1924 TO 1990 (597 HANDBOOKS) 

TI Compounds from Lead and Silicon to Lead and Radium 

The database is produced by the German Chemical Society (GDCh) and provided by MDL Information Systems Inc. [22]. 

Gmelin contains over 800 different chemical and physical property fields, and a detailed index of the original literature. Broad categories of data found in the database include  

Besides structure and substructure searches, Gmclin provides a special search strategy for coordiuation compouuds which is found in no other database the ligand search system, This superior search method gives access to coordination compounds from a completely different point of view it is possible to retrieve all coordination compounds with the same ligand environment, independently of the central atom or the empirical formula of the compound. 

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Publications of this kind are described as non-original. They are abstracting services and handbooks that catch the primary literature, condense the important contents, and make this information available (searchable). Secondary literature is not evaluated and is provided in both printable and electronic forms. Examples are Gmelin, Beilstein, Citations Chemisches Zentralblatt, Chemical Abstracts, or Science Citation Index handbooks include Houben-Weyl, and Landolt Bomstein. 

Handbooks such as Gmelin and Beilstein are often added to the tertiary literature, due to the high degree of processing their information has undergone. However, they are used as citations, and this is why they are integrated within the secondary titerature. 

Beilstein and Gmelin are the world s largest factual databases in chemistiy. Beil-stein contains facts and structures relating to organic chemistry, whereas Gmelin provides information on inorganic, coordination, and organomctallic compounds. 

The large databases CA, Betlstein, and Gmelin do not provide methods for directly searching spectroscopic data. Detailed retrieval of spectroscopic information is provided in databases that contain one or more types of spectra of chemical compounds. Section 5.18 gives an ovei view of the contents of larger databases including IR, NMR, and mass spectra. 

Examples of structure databases are Beilstein, Gmelin, and the CAS Registry. 

Gmelin MDL Information Systems GmbH, Germany inorganic and organometal-lie chemistry struct., numeric 1.4 mio 110 journals, Gynelin Handbook MDL commercial online periodi- cally uwio.nuili.com... 

Transurane, Gmelins Handhuch der anorganischen Chemie, Part A, The Elements, Vedag Chemie GmbH, Weinheim/Bergstrasse, 1972—1973, A1,1,1973, A1,II, 1974. 

H. Moissan, Comp. Fend. 102, 1534 (1886) 103, 202, 256 (1886) Gmelins, Hanbuch derA.norganischen Chemie, System 5, 8th ed., Deutsche Chemische GeseUschaft, Vedag Chemie, Berlin, 1926, pp. 4—16. 

Gmelins Handbuch derAnorganishcen Chemie, 8th ed., SuppL, Vedag Chemie, Weioheim, Germany, 1959, pp. 66—79. 

Gmelin, Handbuch derA.norganischen Chemie Eluorination System-Number 5, Vedag Chemie, GmbH, Weinheim, Germany, 1959. 

Gmelins Handbuch derAnorganischen Chemie 8th ed., Deutsche Vol. 6, Vedag-Chemie, Weinhekn/Bergstrasse, 1960, pp. 305—327. 

H. Schmidbauer, "Organogold Compounds," Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemisty, Spriuger-Vedag, Berlin, 1980. 

Edelgasverbkidungen" ki Gmelins Handbuch der anorganischen Chemie, 8th ed., Maki Supplement, Vol. 1, Vedag Chemie, Weinheim, Germany, 1970. 

CAS/STlS[Interna.tiona.1. CAS/STN offers stmcture searchable files such as Registry, Beilstein, MARPAT, CASREACT, and Gmelin a variety of learning files, eg, LRegistry, LBeHstein, LMARPAT, and LCASREACT and software products such as STN Express for on-line stmcture and substmcture searching. Chemical Abstracts Service, a division of the American Chemical Society, has pubHshed Chemical Abstracts since 1907 and joindy operates STN International with EIZ Kadsmhe and the Japan Information Center of Science and Technology. 

Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry. This provides data similai to Bedsteia foi both inoiganic and ... 

Table 4. Sample Fields for Sodium Metabisulfite in Gmelin ...

CHEMINFORMRX from FlZ-Chemie Berlin and CHEMRE CT from Springer-Vedag Infochem GmbH are other databases covering reaction information area. Reaction information is also available from Bedstein, Gmelin, and CA. 

Beilstein and Gmelin on STN, Springer-Vedag, Heidelberg, Germany, 1993. 

Gmelin-Institbt fer Anorganische Chemie tnd Gren2gegiet, Germany. 

G. Wilkinson, R. D. GiUard, and J. A. McCleverty, eds.. Comprehensive Coordination Chemisty Pergamon Press, Oxford, U.K., 1987, Vols. 1,2,4, and 6. Gmelins Handbuch derAnorganischen Chemie Springer-Vedag, Berlin, System Number 59. 

Gmelin Mandbuch derAnorganische Chemie, System No. 39, Rare Earth Metals, 8th ed., Spriager-Vedag, Berlin. 

Lithium," Syst.-Xr.20 in Gmelin sHandbuch derA.norganischen Chemie 8th ed., Suppl. Vol., Vedag Chemie, Berlin, 1920, Syst.-Xr.20, Weinheim, Germany, 1960. 

Gmelin Handbook ofilnorganic Chemisty, 8th ed.. Manganese Part C 2, System Nymber 56, Spriuger-Vedag, New York, 1975, p. 177. 

K.-H. Tytko, W.-D. Fleischmaim, D. Gras, and E. Warkentin, in H. Katscher and F. Schritder, eds., Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemist Vol. B4, Springer-Vedag, Berlin, 1985. 

H. Schumann, in M. Winter, ed., Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry, Pt. 6, Springer-Verglag, Berlin, 1990. 

Gmelin Handbuch derMnorgischen Chemie, System-Numbei 63, Vedag Chemie, GmbH, Beilin, 1938. 

C. J. Raub, ia Gmelin Handbuch derAngorganischen Chemie, Platinum Suppl Sptinger-Vedag, Berlin, 1987, Sect. Al, p. 137. 

Two works provide exceUent coUections of articles describiag important modem appfications of PGMs. These are E. H. Hardey, ed.. The Chemistry of Platinum Group Metals, Elsevier, 1991, and Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry Platinum Suppl Vol. Al, Sptinger-Vedag, New York, 1986. 

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