Detectors flame

AH gas-fired power plants require oxygen analy2ers to ensure that air has not been drawn into the piping system. Oxygen intake can lead to the presence of an explosive mixture in the pipeline before the fuel reaches the burner or combustor 2one. When gas-fired units are located in an enclosed area, multiple ultraviolet flame detectors are used to shut down equipment and flood the area with CO2 or a chemical fire suppressant whenever a spark or flame is detected. 

Gas chromatographic analysis at 79° using a flame detector in conjunction with a 183 x 0.32 cm. stainless-steel column containing Dow-Corning 550 fluid on silanized support gave peaks for l-bromo-3-chloropropane (6.5 minutes) and 6-chloro-2-hexyne (9.3 minutes) whose areas were shown to be proportional to the mole fractions. The latter were determined by integration of the expanded (50 Hz sweep width)... 

Burner Flame Burner Flame Detector Burner Safety Low 0 ... 

Check that the flame detector (ultraviolet or flame rectification) is not giving a spurious signal. This is continuous throughout the purge period. 

Check that the flame detector is registering the presence of a flame. 

Check that the flame detector is registering the presence of a flame. This is continuous until the burner is shut down. 

Replacement of mechanical and electrical components known to have a finite life. For example, the average service life of an ultraviolet flame detector may be 19,000 h, and much less if used above its recommended temperature. 

After any maintenance work involving replacement or adjustment of components it is essential that the plant be re-commissioned in a safe way, including dry mns with the gas turned off to ensure that flame failure devices operate correctly and pilot turndown tests to ensure that if the pilot can energize the flame detector then it can also smoothly ignite the main burner. 

Gas chromatography on a 200 cm. by 0.6 cm. column packed with 10% Apiezon L on Chromosorb W (AW, DMCS) using a flame-detector instrument, at a 40 ml./minute helium carrier gas flow rate, gives a trace peak at 9.9 minutes (diphenylmethane), a major peak at 11.7 minutes (1,1-diphenylethane), and a trace peak at 15.4 minutes (1.1-diphenylethanol) when the oven is held at 190° for 10 minutes and then programmed at 10°/minute to 290°. 

Plasma and urine levels of the drug are determined by chromatographing the trimethyl-silyl derivative of dobutamine on a 6-foot column packed with 3.0% UC-W98 silicon gum rubber (methyl-vinyl) on Diatoport S operated at 260°C. The hydrogen flame detector is maintained at 280°C. Helium flow rate is 60 ml/min. The retention time of dobutamine derivative (TMS) under these conditions is 3.8 minutes. This method measures plasma levels as low as 1 ig/ml (4). 

The flame detector is an optical device that responds to the radiant energy that is given off by a flame. When a flame or explosion occurs within the field of view of the detector, the resulting electromagnetic radiation travels toward the detector at... 

In difficult situations, it is recommended to install both types of sensors—pressure detector in the vessel and flame detector in the pipe—and they must be switched in an OR-logic to activate the isolation device (see Fig. 23-14). 

The pressure detector in the vessel provides the earliest detection of an explosion in the interconnected vessel, whereas the flame detector in the pipeline provides assured detection, even for lazy flames, as they propagate down the pipeline toward the extinguishing barrier. 

The main components of an elevated flare system are the flare burner with or without smoke suppression capability, pilot(s), pilot igniter(s), support structure, and piping. A number of optional features are available, such as pilot flame detectors air seals (buoyancy or... 

Flame detectors alarm at the presence of light from flames usually in the ultraviolet or infared range. The detectors are set to detect the typical light flicker of a flame. They may be equipped with a time delay features to eliminate false alarms from transient flickering light sources. 

Each of the five types of detectors listed has advantages and limitations, making each more or less suitable for an application or a specific risk. There is not a uniform performance standard for flame detectors such as their is with smoke detectors. Flame detection for a particular model has to be analyzed by evaluation of its technical specification to expected fire development. 

Flambant see coal grade (France), 6 713t Flame agents, 5 814, 824-825 Flame arrestors, for acetylene, 1 185 Flame attenuation process, 13 387 Flame detectors, 21 851 Flame heating, case hardening by, 16 199 Flame hydrolysis, in vitreous silica manufacture, 22 412, 413-414 Flame ionization detector (FID)... 

Flame detector Senses either ultraviolet (UV) or infrared (IR) radiation emitted by a fire. 

Fire detectors generally fall within one of three categories heat, smoke, and flame. Heat detectors work by sensing the heat from a fire. Smoke detectors sense the combustion products from the fire. Flame detectors identify flame by sensing the IR or UV light it emits. 

Heat Detectors Smoke Detectors Flame Detectors... 

The IR/UV flame detectors are used to sense fires. Flame detectors that use only IR or UV can experience false alarms. The IR/UV detector is designed to recognize a different type of flame signature from the detectors while rejecting common false sources. When the conditions of any one of the several fire conditions are met the detector indicates a fire. IR/UV flame detectors generally have a cone of vision from 60 to 120-degree solid cone field of view. 

Fire detectors—dry-pilot head and pneumatic rate-of-rise heat detectors are the most frequent devices used. A dry pilot head detection systems uses 165°F (74°C) V2-in sprinkler head with air pressure maintained in the piping. When the sprinkler opens the air is released resulting in the sprinkler valve opening. Other types of detectors include ultraviolet, infrared flame detectors, or thermostatic cable heat detection. 

The use of various sorbents and desorption systems permits (often necessitates) gas chromatographic detectors other than the most commonly used flame detector or electron capture detector. The use of a selective detector can greatly simplify a difficult analytical problem by reducing interferences and background peaks. Many applications are discussed in the literature (21,22,23,24). 

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