Flame photometric detector design

Other Detectors Two additional detectors are similar in design to a flame ionization detector. In the flame photometric detector optical emission from phosphorus and sulfur provides a detector selective for compounds containing these elements. The thermionic detector responds to compounds containing nitrogen or phosphorus. 

The impact of the flame photometric detector (FPD) resides in its simultaneous sensitivity and specificity for the determination of sulfur and phosphorus. It is inherently compatible with the FID and as such affords the analytical chemist a discriminating ability beneficial to many analyses. In 1966, Brody and Chaney published data on their design of an FPD (26)(Figure 5.18). 

Detectors may be classified on the basis of selectivity. A universal detector responds to all compounds in the mobile phase except carrier gas. A selective detector responds only to a related group of substances, and a specific detector responds to a single chemical compound. Most common GC detectors fall into the selective designation. Examples include flame ionization detector (FID), ECD, flame photometric detector (FPD), and thermoionic ionization detector. The common GC detector that has a truly universal response is the thermal conductivity detector (TCD). Mass spectrometer is another commercial detector with either universal or quasi-universal response capabilities. 

The Shimadzu GC-15A and GC-16A systems are designed not only as independent high-performance gas chromatographs but also as core instruments (see previously) for multi-GC systems or computerised laboratory automation systems. Other details of these instruments are given in Table 5.1. The Shimadzu GC-8A range of instruments do not have a range of built-in detectors but are ordered either as temperature-programmed instruments with thermal conductivity detection (TCD), flame ionisation detection (FID), or flame photometric detectors (FPD) detectors or as isothermal instruments with TCD, FID, or electron capture detectors (ECD) (Table 5.1). 

A semiportable or stationary thermal desorption/gas chromatographic type of instrument with flame photometric detector, this device is operable in field environments. It is designed for the detection of a long list of TICs and nerve and blister agents down to or below AEL levels through the use of different modules equipped with various signal detectors. 

Detector System, flame photometric detector, either single or dual burner design. Noise level must be no more than one recorder chart division (see 6.5). The signal for COS must be at least twice the noise level at the 0.1 mg/kg level. A discussion of this detector is presented in Practice E 840. The electrometer used with the detector must have a sensitivity of... 

The purpose of the detector is to determine when and how much of a compound has emerged from the column. Although the goal of all detectors is to be as sensitive as possible, many detectors are designed to be selective for certain classes of compounds. Dozens of different types of detectors have been developed, but only a few are used routinely. Those are thermal conductivity (TC), thermionic (N/P), electron capture (ECD), flame photometric (FPD), Hall electroconductivity detector (Hall or ELCD), hydrogen flame ionization detector (FID), argon ionization (AI), photoionization (PID), gas density balance (GDB), and the mass spectrometer. Chemists usually select a detector by the following criteria, listed in priority ... 

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