X-ray detection system

On-demand beam pulsing has been shown to be effective for eliminating pulse pileup in the X-ray detection system, minimizing the energy dissipated in delicate specimens, yet maximizing the data throughput of the overall system. In essence. 

The specimen chamber (or target chamber) may contain a number of samples and standard specimens mounted on the same sample holder. Also here are the X-ray detection system and a Faraday cup which monitors the proton current incident... 

From these results we concluded that in order to do a significant measurement, i.e. comparable or competitive with the 2S-2P difference measurements [1], it is necessary to collect a total of many thousands of K this is possible, in principle, but with the X-ray detecting system at our disposal we need to do a run too long to be realistic. 

Transition Edge Sensor (TES) X-Ray Detecting System with Sensitivity Correction to Stabilize the Spectrum Peak Center... 

Keywords Transition Edge Sensor, SEM-TES system. X-ray detecting system... 

Position-sensitive X-ray detection systems, which were originally introduced for imaging purposes, particularly in medical applications, have been used in X-ray crystallography for about 20 years. Their virtue is that they count all the electrons, all the time, either along a line or over an area. 

The detection sensitivity of radiography is related among others to the properties and quality of industrial x-ray film systems. Changes of the products, variations due to different emulsions and combinations of products of different manufacturers can influence the decisive properties of film systems as classified in EN 584-1.To ensure the quality of industrial x-ray film systems a system for quality assurance open to all interested parties is proposed which is based on periodical round robin tests and quality controls of the manufacturer or an independent third party institution. 

W. Xie, N. Chen, A.L. Abbott and R.W. Conners, Simulation of x-ray imaging systems for lugjage inspection in Proc. 2nd Explosives Detection Technology Symposium Aviation Security Technology Conference, 12—15 November 1996, Atlantic City, NJ, FAA (1997) 248—253. 

It is therefore frequently difficult to find punctual areas in the sample having a sufficient concentration of the desired analyte to be detected by the x-ray microanalysis system. Thus, identification and eventually quantitation of metals in dec-orative/protective layers of pictorial samples by SEM/EDX frequently require an accurate and often time-consuming scanning process. 

R D Luggar, J A Horrocks, R D Speller, G J Royle and R Lacey (1995) Optimization of a low angle x-ray scatter system for explosives detection. SPIE 2511, 46-55. 

Figure 1. Schematic of a small-angle X-ray scattering system. X-rays from the tube (T) are formed into a beam by slits and strike the sample (S). The counter (C) is used to detect the intensity scattered at an angle 6.

These days security is at the top of everyone s iist of important concerns, especiaiiy for those peopie who are responsibie for the safety of our transportation systems. In particuiar, airports need speedy and sensitive detectors for expiosives. Piastic expiosives are especiaiiy tricky to detect because they do not respond to metai detectors, and they can be shaped into innocent-iooking objects to avoid X-ray detection. However, a team of scientists at Oak Ridge Nationai Laboratory ied by Thomas Thundat has just pubiished a description of an inexpensive device that is extremeiy sensitive to two N-containing compounds found in piastic expiosives. The key part of this detection device is a tiny (180-micrometer), V-shaped cantiiever made of siiicon. The cantiiever is shown in the accompanying photo next to a human hair for size comparison. 

---