Lungs fibrosis

Lomustine (CCNU) -nitrosourea alkylating agent cell cycle independent -bone marrow suppression (delayed, prolonged, and cumulative) -nausea and vomiting -pulmonary fibrosis Lung Cancer... 

Boucher RC. 1999. Status of gene therapy for cystic fibrosis lung disease. J Clin Inv. 103 441-445. 

Rosenecker J, Huth S, Rudolph C. 2006. Gene therapy for cystic fibrosis lung disease Current status and future perspectives. Curr Opin Mol Ther. 8 439 145. 

ChmielJL, Konstan MW. Anti-inflammatory medications for cystic fibrosis lung disease selecting the most appropriate agent. Treat Respir Med. 2005 ... 

Moskowitz SM, Gibson RL, EfEmann EL. Cystic fibrosis lung disease genetic influences, microbial interactions, and radiological assessment. Pediatr Radiol. 2005 35 739-757. 

Beryllium Ore extraction, ceramics, alloys Fibrosis, lung cancer... 

Oberhardt MA, Goldberg JB, Hogardt M et al (2010) Metabolic network analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa during chronic cystic fibrosis lung infection. J Bacteriol 192 5534-5548... 

Singh, P.K., Schaefer, A.L., Parsek, M.R., Moninger, T.O., Welsh, M.J., Greenberg, E.P. Quorumsensing signals indicate that cystic fibrosis lungs are infected with bacterial biofilms. Nature 407 (2000) 762-764. 

Thomas, S.R., Ray, A., Hodson, M.E., Pitt, T.L. Increased sputum amino acid concentrations and auxotrophy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in severe cystic fibrosis lung disease. Thorax 55 (2000) 795-797. 

Asbestosis, alveolar damage, diffuse pleural fibrosis, lung cancer Acute upper airway injury, tracheobronchitis, chemical pneumonitis, beryllosis Upper airway injury, pneumonitis Byssinosis... 

As discussed in Section 3.2 and Chapter 2, numerous studies of occupationally-exposed adult workers identify respiratory effects including interstitial fibrosis, lung cancer, and pleural and/or peritoneal mesotheliomas, as critical health effects, of concern from exposure to airborne asbestos. T ically, these health effects follow chronic exposures and exhibit latencies of 10-40 years, although some cases of asbestosis and pleural plaques have been reported following subchronic exposure. 

Comparative Toxicokinetics. Available data Ifom ehronic rat inhalation bioassays show similar asbestos-induced respiratory effects to those in humans assoeiated with oeeupational exposure to asbestos (pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer, and pleural mesothelioma), but the use of the rat data to predict human health risks from exposure to airborne asbestos has a number of areas of uneertainty, including those associated with interspecies differences in lifespan, airway morphometry, and breathing patterns. The development of rat and human lung retention models that incorporate species differences in anatomical and physiological parameters influencing deposition and clearance of asbestos fibers may decrease the... 

Exposure to tremolite asbestos or other forms of asbestos can increase risks for developing pleural plaques, pleural thickening (i.e. pleural fibrosis), pleural effusions, interstitial lung fibrosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma. 

Biofilms play key roles in several chronic human infections including infectious kidney stones, bacterial endocarditis, and cystic fibrosis lung infections, and the roles of biofilm formation in these diseases have been reviewed [27]. Biofilms also serve as environmental reservoirs for... 

Bragonzi A, Conese M (2002) Non-viral approach toward gene therapy of cystic fibrosis lung disease. Curr Gene Ther 2 295-305... 

Respiratory Asthma, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, airway narrowing, pulmonary fibrosis, lung, and upper airway cancer... 

Grasemann H, van s Gravesande KS, Buscher R, ECnauer N, Silverman ES, Pahner LJ, et al. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase variants in cystic fibrosis lung disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003 167 390-4. 

Rubin B. Emerging therapies for cystic fibrosis lung disease. Chest 1999, 115, 1120-1126. 

Acute exacerbation of pulmonary symptoms in cystic fibrosis Lung infection (hospital- or community-acquired pneumonia) Gastrointestinal infections (abscess/peritonitis)... 

Boucher RC (2002) An overview of the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis lung disease. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 54(11)4359-1371... 

Cowley EA, Linsdell P (2002) Oxidant stress stimulates anion secretion from the human airway epithelial cell line Calu-3 implications for cystic fibrosis lung disease. J Physiol 543(Pt 1) 201-209... 

HEALTH SYMPTOMS inhalation (irritates respiratory tract, chronic pulmonary fibrosis (lung scarring)) skin contact (no adverse effects expected) eye contact (no adverse effects expected but dust may cause mechanical irritation) ingestion (gastrointestinal disturbances caused by extremely large oral doses, stomach granuloma). 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS repeated or prolonged contact may cause permanent lung damage, with fibrosis (lung scarring) and emphysema prolonged skin contact can cause dermatitis. 

An important characteristic of microbial biofilms is their innate resistance to immune system and antibiotic killing (89, 90). This has made microbial biofilms a common and difficult-to-treat cause of medical infections (87,91,92). It has recently been estimated that over 60% of the bacterial infections currently treated in hospitals are caused by bacterial biofilms (91). Several ehronic infections (e.g. respiratory infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the cystic fibrosis lung. Staphylococcal lesions in endocarditis, and bacterial prostatitis, primarily caused by Escherichia coli) have been shown to be mediated by biofilms (93). More notably, biofilms (particularly of Staphylococcus aureus, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli) are also a major cause of infections associated with medical implants (94, 95). The number of implant-associated infections approaches 1 million per year in the United States alone, and their direct medical costs exceed 3 billion annually (96). Thus, there is an urgent need to find novel approaches to eradicate biofilms. 

C. Chronic exposure to Bordeaux mixture (copper sulfate with hydrated lime) may occur in vineyard workers. Pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer, cirrhosis, angiosarcoma, and portal hypertension have been associated with this occupational exposure. 

Shennib H, Auger J-L. Diltiazem improves cyclotorine dosage in C3rstic fibrosis lung transplant recipients. Transplant 13, 292-6. 

Bronsveld I, Bijman J, Mekus F, Ballmann M, Veeze HJ, Tummler B. Clinical presentation of exclusive cystic fibrosis lung disease. Thorax 1999 54 278-281. 

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