Health risk chronic

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic bronchitis dermatitis conjunctivitis lacrimation (discharge of tears) pharyngeal edema hyper-keratosis black skin dental erosion. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic bronchitis with cough, phlegm, shortness of breath pneumoconiosis emphysema fibrosis may cause lung cancer can accumulate in the skin produeing a tattooing effect called anthracosis, consisting of black follicular dots can interact with disease states (e.g., tuberculosis) or other exposures (e.g. smoking) to reduce pulmonary function. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic bronchitis may alter genetic material reproductive effects target organs eyes, respiratory system. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic bronchitis tumors OSHA-regulated carcinogen. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic bronchitis emphysema simple pneumoconiosis slight cough blackish sputum decreased pulmonary function complicated pneumoconiosis reduction in ventilatory capacity low diffusing capacity low arterial oxygen tension pulmonary hypertension premature death. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic exposure may affect liver and kidneys can cause anemia prolonged skin exposure may cause dermatitis. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic pulmonary fibrosis stomach granuloma. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic irritation of the respiratory tract cough headache loss of appetite dyspnea corrosion of the teeth gradual loss of strength. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic coughs sterile lung abscess gangrene bronchopneumonia structural or functional changes in trachea or bronchi. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic cough pain in the back gradual emaciation skin lesions development of slow-healing ulcers bluish skin brittle and yellow nails dermatitis possible gangrene of the fingers kidney disturbances removal of calcium in the blood obstruction of renal tubules ulceration of the mucous membranes of the nose and throat nervous system complaints gastrointestinal disturbances. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic respiratory disease may alter genetic material experimental reproductive effects dermatitis target eyes and respiratory system. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic eye irritation nose ulcers allergic skin rashes increased wheezing shortness of breath cough with sputum cough with phlegm increased incidence of bronchitis chronic conjunctivitis expectoration exertional dyspnea x-ray changes of the lungs respiratory impairment impaired pulmonary function dermatitis of hands, forearms, and feet eczematous lesions with vesicles, erythema and fissures. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic allergen systemic effects are unknown. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic bronchitis emphysema severe inflammation of upper respiratory tract severe lung damage dermatitis. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic irritation of skin, eyes, and upper respiratory tract injury to the bronchioles and alveoli permanent scarring of the eyes and skin. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic respiratory disease human skin (systemic) effects have been reported no other systemic effects have been reported from industrial exposure. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic respiratory disease skin sensitization eczema on the hands, forearms, and feet paralysis may occur. 

CHRONIC HEALTH RISKS chronic methemoglobinemia low-grade secondary anemia various degrees of pallor fatigability loss of appetite human mutation data reported may alter genetic material confirmed carcinogen. 

The third of the major hazards and the one with the greatest disaster potential is the release of toxic chemicals. The hazard posed by toxic release depends not only on the chemical species but also on the conditions of exposure. The high disaster potential from toxic release arises in situations where large numbers of people are briefly exposed to high concentrations of toxic material, i.e., acute exposure. However, the long-term health risks associated with prolonged exposure at low concentrations, i.e., chronic exposure, also present serious hazards. 

In the first environment, we are concerned with the potential health risks that chemicals pose to the public, as well as possible impacts on the ecology. In the latter case, we are concerned with indoor air quality and its possible adverse impacts on the health and safety of the workforce. In both cases the health dangers may be either acute, or long-term chronic health risks. We will first discuss general concepts of air pollution and table our discussions on... 

Chronic. Continuous exposure occurs over long periods of time, generally several mondis to years. Concentradons of inlialed (toxic) contaminants are usually reladvely low. This subject area falls in die general domain of healdi risk assessment (HRA) and it is diis subject tliat is addressed in die next five chapters. Thus, in contrast to the acute (short-term) exposures dial predominate in hazard risk assessments, cliroiiic (loiig-temi) exposures are the major concern in health risk assessments. 

A substance which if it is inhaled or ingested or it penetrates the Very toxic skin, may involve extremely serious acute or chronic health risks and even death. 

First, we investigate some of the regulatory motivations for chronic risk analysis. Next, it is necessary to point up the similarities and differences between acute and chronic risk and delineate the steps in estimating health risks posed by environmental chemicals. Following some illustrations of model structure, we conclude by discussing specific factors in fate analysis that suggest choices of model components. 

Studies using the inhalation route might be useful to determine the potential human health risk in populations that may be occupationally exposed to hexachloroethane vapors for long periods. Additional chronic oral studies may be useful to help further clarify the dose-response relationships and better characterize thresholds. Studies by the dermal route would not be useful until the rate and extent of absorption have been better characterized. 

Environment and health-related problems are especially determined by health risks due to solvents, which result in damage to skin and the central nervons system (polyneuropathy, encephalopathy) in the case of chronic exposure. Some solvents are also classified as being carcinogenic (e.g. benzene, trichloroethylene) or are suspected of being carcinogenic (e.g. perchloroethylene) or reproduction-toxic (e.g. toluene). 

Large increases in mercury levels in water can be caused by industrial and agricultural use and waste releases. The health risk from mercury is greater from mercury in hsh than simply from water-borne mercury. Mercury poisoning may be acute, in large doses, or chronic, from lower doses taken over an extended time period. The maximum amount of mercury allowed in drinking water by the standard is 0.002 mg/L of water. That level is 13% of the total allowable daily dietary intake of mercury. 

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