Lung infections

Respiratory tract (nose and throat) problems Increase in bacterial infection. Resistance to throat, nose, and lung infection is increased, due to the breakdown of the proicctive mechanism,s in the body. 

Wang J, Barke RA, Charboneau R, Roy S (2005) Morphine impairs host innate immune response and increases susceptibility to streptococcus pneumoniae lung infection. J Immunol 174(l) 426-434... 

Tuberculosis is on the increase in developed countries such as the USA and UK furthermore, MAI may be associated with AIDS sufferers. Hospital-acquired opportunistic mycobacteria may cause disseminated infection and also lung infections, endocarditis and pericarditis. Transmission of mycobacterial infection by endoscopy is rare, despite a marked increase in the use of flexible fibreoptic endoscopes, but bronchoscopy is probably the greatest hazard for the transmission ofM tuberculosis and other mycobacteria. Thus, biocides used for bronchoscope disinfection must be ehosen carefully to ensure that such transmission does not occur. 

Response to antifungal therapy in invasive molds is slow and difficult to judge by clinical signs alone. Resolution of fever, and eventual clearing of CT scans (in the case of lung infections) are indications of response to antifungal therapy. Toxicity associated with antifungal therapy is similar in these patients as in those described earlier. Patients often require... 

One of the safest and most commonly used parts of the elder are the cream-colored blossoms. They are expectorant, mildly laxative, diuretic and diaphoretic. They have traditionally been used as part of a spring blood-purifying formula. Throughout history, elder flowers have been administered as a tea for treatment of lung infections, measles and scarlet fever. 

Caution The death rate from untreated pneumonic plague can reach almost 100 percent. Once a human is infected with plague, a progressive and potentially deadly illness usually results unless antibody therapy is administered. In a progressional sequence, the patient develops blood infection which leads to lung infection. 

Interestingly, infections by commonly occurring bacteria (such as those in the lower intestine) do not generally occur in adult AIDS patients, perhaps because components of the immune system responsible for controlling the common bacteria are less affected by HIV infection. However, children bom infected with AIDS often do develop lung infections with common bacteria. In addition, adult AIDS patients may experience infections with tuberculosis-like bacteria. 

Nitric oxide (NO) biomass burning and lung infections, asthma Photochemical smog, acid rain... 

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary disease of abnormal fluid secretion. It affects cells of the exocrine glands, such as intestine, sweat glands, pancreas, reproductive tract, and especially the respiratory tract. The disease affects about 1 in 2500 infants of the Caucasian population to varying degrees of seriousness. Patients produce thickened mucus that is difficult to get out of the airway. This leads to chronic lung infection, which progressively destroys pulmonary function. 

Newer examples of aminoglycoside antibiotics include amikacin, neomycin (Neosporin, Cortisporin), and tobramycin (TOBI, TobraDex). Injectable tobramycin is used in the treatment of serious infections at many body sites. It has also been formulated in an inhalable dosage form that has a very specific use to treat cystic fibrosis patients having Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infections. In the form suitable for inhalation by the patient, it delivers the antibiotic directly to the site of infection. 

Legionella pneumophila produces a siderophore named legiobactin, which shows no catecholate or hydroxamate reactions (206). Enzymatic studies suggest a citrate structure in agreement with the data obtained by mass spectrometry (molecular mass ca. 350 Da) and NMR (three carbonyl and ten aliphatic C atoms). It is not clear yet as to whether legiobactin is essential for the iron acquisition in the aqueous habitat of the bacterium or during lung infection (2, 65). 

Allard KA, Dao J, Sanjeevaiah P, McCoy-Simandle K, Chatfield CH, Crumrine DS, Castignetti D, Cianciotto NP (2009) Purification of Legiobactin and the Importance of this Siderophore in Lung Infection by Legionella pneumophila. Infect Immun 77 2887... 

Lung Alveolar macrophages Glucosylated proteins Rat Lung cancer Lung infections... 

The clinicians noted that although the first patient responded well to steroid therapy, steroids may be less useful in more severe cases of bronchiolitis obliterans. Specifically, steroid treatment should be stopped if no improvement is seen during the first days because this treatment may increase the risk of lung infection in the presence of a denuded lung epithelium. 

Pseudomonal lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients w/normal renal function- 30 to 50 mg/kg IV up to 6 g/day q 8 h... 

These thick mucous secretions are difficult for the mucociliary cells of the airway to clear, resulting In chronic airway obstruction, inflammation, and frequent lung infections. 

Patients with cystic fibrosis use aerosol inhaler sprays of the DNA-hydrolyzing enzyme deoxyribonuclease to help reduce the viscosity of mucous secretions, which contain large amounts of DMA arising from destruction of WBCs as they fight lung Infections. 

Sulfonamides are used for controlling urinary tract infections, acute and chronic lung infections (norcadiosis), protozoan infections of the nervous system (i.e., toxoplasmosis), and a variety of infections in humans and livestock. Their mode of activity is by inhibiting the multiplication of bacteria by competitively inhibiting para-aminobenzioc acid (PABA) in the folic acid metabolism cycle (O Neil et al., 2001). More specifically, they block the synthesis of folic acid in bacteria as the drugs are structurally similar to PABA. Folic acid is essential to the synthesis of amino acids and nucleic acids. In bacteria, folic acid is synthesized from PABA... 

N.A. No information is available in the literature. Diuretic, lower fever, treat lung infections with cough and phlegm. 

Children with cystic fibrosis lose excessive amounts of salt in perspiration and become dehydrated readily. A salty taste of the skin and an elevated chloride concentration of sweat are traditional diagnostic symptoms.3 More serious problems arise from progressive respiratory failure and inadequate pancreatic secretion. Lung infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the major cause of death. The CFTR gene is expressed in many tissues, especially those of the mucous membranes. 

The authors commented that the onset of the lung infection appeared to be closely related to methotrexate and glucocorticoid pulse therapy, because of the interval between drug administration and the onset of tuberculosis, and the lack of other risk factors for opportunistic infections. 

---