Environmental planning/permitting

Development is the preparation the facilities, equipment, and infrastructure required for extraction of the valuable mineral material. It includes land acquisition, equipment selection and specification, inlraslruclure and surface facilities design and construction, environmental planning and permitting, and initial mine planning. 

After preliminary planning, permit applications must be completed. Many jurisdictions require a detailed environmental audit, which is then described in a report, often called an environmental impact statement, or EIS. Depending on local regulations, the EIS may be issued for public review and comment. Topics covered in an EIS usually include the following fifteen areas ... 

Initial mine planning will obviously take place concurrently with the environmental planning and permitting, and the consideration of environmental consequences of the initial mine plan will be included in this process. 

The states are required to submit to the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) plans, known as State Implementation Plans (SIP), showing how they will achieve the standards in their jurisdictions within a specified time period. If after that time period there are areas within the states where these standards have not been attained, the states are required to submit and obtain EPA approval of revised plans to achieve the standards in these "nonattainment" areas. EPA also designates certain areas where the standards are being met, but which have the potential for future nonattainment, as Air Quality Maintenance Areas (AQMA). Such regions have stricter requirements than attainment areas for the granting of permits for new sources of the pollutant not in attainment status. 

Interim measures may be separate from the comprehensive Corrective Action plan but should be consistent with, and integrated with, any longer-term Corrective Action (e.g., corrective measure through an order, an op erating permit, a post-closure permit or interim status closure requirements). To the extent possible, interim measures should not seriously complicate the ultimate physical management of hazardous wastes or constituents, nor should they present or exacerbate a health or environmental threat. Interim measures may add additional costs or work to the comprehensive Corrective Action. Such added costs or work do not preclude implementation of an interim measure. 

There should be an oral presentation towards the end of the semester to the management (which is your classmates, the professor, and the invitees) on your business plan for a proposed new product on the innovative product idea, on market and technology analysis, on the financial and environmental analysis, and on your recommended action. Be prepared to answer searching questions from your management, and to hear constructive comments intended to improve your research, your analysis, your recommendation, and your presentation skills. If time permits, it would be useful to take all the comments and constructive suggestions into consideration, and make a second oral presentation. The product design project concludes with the submission of a written report, which would be in parallel with the traditional process design project. 

The result of the basic design phase is a rather precise plan of the project and an accurate cost estimate that will constitute the basis for the hnal go/no go decision. The environmental impact of the project and all relevant permitting issues need also to be resolved during this phase. The detail engineering hnally will provide the necessary information needed to execute the project. 

European eco-labeling of paper products, and in the existing European eco-labeling for cleaners under Regulation 1980/2000/EC. In addition, the EU Commission made further recommendations on risk reduction measures for EDTA. First, it asked EU Member States to establish Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) for EDTA, and the national pollution reduction measures to achieve those EQS in 2015 should be included in the river basin management plans in line with the provisions of Directive 2000/60/EC. Second, EU Member States should specify in IPPC permits measures on EDTA to operate to BAT by October 2007, taking into account local circumstances. Further, as BAT is developed, this should be incorporated into the permits. 

The next step under the act is DOE s initial nomination of five locations for site characterization, based on a consideration of the guidelines and the environmental assessments to be prepared for each of the five nominated sites, followed by a recommendation of three candidate sites to the President for his approval. The DOE had intended to complete these actions in the summer of 1983 in order to permit the conduct of a sufficiently thorough site characterization program at each site to support the presidential recommendation of a site for the first repository by March 31,1987, as required by the act. The act requires that for each site under consideration, DOE conduct public hearings to solicit recommendations on issues to be addressed in the environmental assessment and in any site characterization plan to be used if the site is approved by the President. The specific date and location for these hearings will be established after consultation with state representatives. 

A fourth facility, the Moapa Energy Project, is planned for construction in Moapa, Nevada, about 50 miles northeast of Las Vegas. The plant would require 15 million tires per year to generate 49 MW per hour, and would sell power to Nevada Power. The environmental impact statement and air emissions permits for this facility have been accepted, and public hearings are upcoming. Construction may begin in 1992, with operation commencing in 1993.1... 

From the start, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been inescapably involved in this problem through the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and earlier legislation, but since 1979 it became evident that EPA s normal resources were quite inadequate to deal with the overall problem in a timely way. Therefore in late 1980 the Comprehensive Environmental Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (the Superfund Act) was passed. The Act revises a more limited National Contingency Plan to permit response to hazardous substances and to provide extra funds for EPA to tackle the problem. 

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